Learning Theories
Which learning theory emphasizes the role of environmental stimuli and responses in shaping behavior, often using techniques like reinforcement and punishment?
Behaviorism
Which instructional design model focuses on classifying cognitive skills into hierarchical levels, ranging from remembering to creating, and is often used to guide the creation of learning objectives and assessments?
Bloom's Taxonomy
What legal right grants the creator of original works of authorship, including literary, dramatic, musical, and certain other intellectual works, the exclusive rights to copy, distribute, and adapt their work?
Copyright
Maria posts a funny meme on her social media account. She makes sure to check that the meme isn't offensive or hurtful to any group. Which aspect of digital citizenship is Maria demonstrating?
Digital Etiquette
In the 4As model, what stage involves providing opportunities for students to practice and apply what they have learned, often through activities and exercises?
Application
This learning theory focuses on internal mental processes such as memory, problem-solving, and information processing. What is it?
Cognitivism
Which instructional design model emphasizes the importance of activating prior knowledge, demonstrating knowledge, applying knowledge, and integrating knowledge, and provides specific principles for designing effective instruction based on these key activities?
Merrill's Principles of Instruction
What is the act of using another person's words or ideas without giving them proper credit, which is a serious academic and ethical offense, and may also have legal consequences depending on the context and extent of the infringement?
Plagiarism
David is researching a topic for school. He carefully evaluates the credibility of the websites he uses, making sure the information is accurate and comes from reliable sources. What type of digital citizenship is David practicing?
Digital Literacy
In the 7Es instructional design model, what stage involves summarizing key concepts and providing closure to the lesson, often through review activities or assessments?
Evaluation
Which learning theory views learners as active constructors of their own knowledge, emphasizing social interaction and prior experience in the learning process? It suggests that learning is not a passive reception of information, but an active process of creating meaning.
Constructivism
Which instructional design model is a framework for evaluating the effectiveness of technology integration in education, classifying technology use into four levels: Substitution, Augmentation, Modification, and Redefinition?
SAMR (Substitution, Augmentation, Modification, Redefinition)
A university professor incorporates a short excerpt from a copyrighted novel into a lecture on literary symbolism, analyzing its use of metaphor and its impact on the overall narrative. The excerpt is used solely for educational purposes and does not significantly affect the market value of the original novel. Which legal doctrine might protect the professor's use of the copyrighted material?
Fair Use
Sarah's online banking account is compromised. She immediately reports the issue to her bank and takes steps to secure her other online accounts. Which aspect of digital citizenship is Sarah prioritizing?
Digital Security
Which stage in the 7Es model focuses on engaging students' interest and motivation at the beginning of the lesson, often through a hook or attention-grabbing activity?
Engagement
A high school physics teacher abandons lectures, instead using interactive problem-solving, concept mapping, peer collaboration, self-assessment, and metacognitive reflection. Why does this approach strongly align with cognitivism?
This approach aligns with cognitivism because it emphasizes internal mental processes like information processing, schema development, and metacognition—the students actively construct knowledge and reflect on their thinking.
What does the ADDIE acronym stand for?
Analyze, Design, Develop, Implement, and Evaluate
A small software company develops a unique algorithm for image recognition. They write the code, design the interface, and create the documentation. They don't register their software with a copyright office, but they clearly mark their software with a copyright notice. A larger company copies their software's core functionality, creating a nearly identical product. What legal protection might the small software company use to protect their intellectual property?
Copyright (Even without formal registration, the copyright exists from the moment the software is created in a fixed tangible form. The copyright notice strengthens their claim.)
A group of students are creating a collaborative online project. They establish clear guidelines for participation, contribution, and communication, ensuring that everyone feels valued and respected. They also agree on how to handle disagreements and conflicts. Which two aspects of digital citizenship are most relevant in this scenario?
Digital Law and Digital Rights & Responsibilities (They are following the laws regarding online collaboration and respecting the rights and responsibilities of each member of the group.)
After analyzing Shakespearean metaphors, a teacher leads a discussion comparing and contrasting their use, identifying patterns and broader artistic purposes. Which 4As stage is this?
Abstraction
Compare and contrast the views of Behaviorism and Constructivism on the role of the teacher in the learning process.
Behaviorism views the teacher as a primary source of information and control, shaping student behavior through reinforcement and punishment. Constructivism, on the other hand, views the teacher as a facilitator who guides and supports students as they actively construct their knowledge.
The acronym ASSURE stands for what?
Analyze Learners, State Objectives, Select Methods, Media, and Materials, Utilize Technology, Media, and Materials, Require Learner Participation, and Evaluate and Revise
A student is writing a research paper on the impact of social media on political polarization. They find a compelling paragraph in a published academic journal article that perfectly summarizes a key concept. Instead of paraphrasing or quoting the paragraph with proper attribution, they copy and paste the paragraph directly into their paper, slightly altering a few words to avoid direct detection. What intellectual property rights are violated, and what academic offense has the student committed?
Both Copyright and Plagiarism (The student has violated the copyright of the journal article by copying and pasting without permission. The act of copying and pasting without proper attribution also constitutes plagiarism, a serious academic offense.)
A high school student creates a website to share information about local environmental issues. She uses creative commons licensed images and videos, ensuring she gives proper attribution to the original creators. She also encourages others to contribute to the website and actively moderates comments to ensure respectful discourse. Which three aspects of digital citizenship are demonstrated in this scenario?
Digital Access, Digital Commerce, and Digital Etiquette (She is using the internet to access and share information, she is engaging in a form of digital commerce by sharing resources, and she is demonstrating responsible online behavior by giving proper attribution and moderating comments.)
After teaching students about the water cycle, a teacher provides students with a real-world problem: a local community is experiencing water shortages. Students are asked to develop solutions, considering factors like water conservation, alternative water sources, and community engagement. This requires them to apply their knowledge of the water cycle to a complex, open-ended situation and potentially research additional information. Which stage of the 7Es model best describes this activity?
Extend (This goes beyond simple evaluation; it challenges students to apply their knowledge to novel situations, promoting deeper understanding and the ability to transfer their learning to new contexts. It encourages higher-order thinking and problem-solving skills.)