Chapter 9
Which of the following best describes the implicit curriculum?
a. What students learn in clubs and organizations (such as a science club)
b. What students learn through curriculum guides and state standards
c. What students learn that is found in their textbooks
d. What students learn as communicated by the way teachers interact with them
What is:
d. What students learn as communicated by the way teachers interact with them
Which of the following best describes a productive learning environment?
a. A classroom environment in which learners understand and obey well-established rules.
b. A classroom environment that involves collaboration and cooperation between the teacher and students.
c. A classroom environment that involves order and well-established routines.
d. A classroom environment that is orderly and focuses on learning.
What is:
d. A classroom environment that is orderly and focuses on learning.
Information students are given about their current understanding that can be used to increase future learning is best described as:
a. feedback.
b. personal efficacy.
c. expectations.
d. wait-time.
What is:
a. feedback.
The national report, A Nation At Risk, warned that our country’s schools were falling behind other countries’ educational systems. Which of the following best describes the major impetus for this report?
a. Standardized test data indicating that American students weren’t competitive with the students from other countries
b. Test score data indicating a significant achievement gap between members of cultural minorities and their white counterparts
c. Economic data suggesting that the educational system of the United States was hampering efforts to remain competitive in international business
d. Public opinion poll data showing negative reactions from parents who believed that schools weren’t educating their children
What is:
c. Economic data suggesting that the educational system of the United States was hampering efforts to remain competitive in international business
Which of the following statements best describes beginning teachers’ beliefs about their teaching ability?
a. Beginning teachers are uncertain about their teaching ability when they begin, but they are more self-assured by the end of their first year.
b. Beginning teachers are confident about their teaching ability when they begin, but their confidence decreases when they encounter the realities of classroom life.
c. Beginning teachers are uncertain about their teaching ability when they begin, and their uncertainty remains until about their third year of experience.
d. Beginning teachers are confident about their teaching ability when they begin, and their confidence remains high at the end of their first year.
What is:
b. Beginning teachers are confident about their teaching ability when they begin, but their confidence decreases when they encounter the realities of classroom life.
Of the following, which are decisions about instruction? (Multiple answers)
1. You believe that learning to write persuasive essays is essential for students.
2. You believe that the only way that they’ll learn to write them effectively is with a great deal of practice.
3. You display two sample persuasive essays on the overhead, one that is well written and one that isn’t.
4. In a discussion you help them understand the characteristics of an effective persuasive essay.
What is
2, 3, 4
Jan Amos strongly emphasizes the need for her students to feel emotionally safe enough to offer their ideas and say what they think without fear of ridicule or embarrassment. She has a rule requiring that students treat each other with courtesy and respect, and she explains why it is important. Of the following Jan is most nearly attempting to:
a. develop well-disciplined students.
b. create a system of automatic rules and procedures.
c. create a positive classroom climate.
d. develop learners’ self-concepts and self-esteem.
What is:
c. create a positive classroom climate.
Which of the following is the best definition of assessment?
a. The process of creating tests and quizzes to determine how much information students have acquired in learning activities.
b. The process teachers use to gather information and make decisions about students’ learning progress
c. The process of using effective rubrics when observing young children perform basic skills such as forming letters
d. The process of writing end-of-term tests and assigning grades based on students’ performance on those tests
What is:
b. The process teachers use to gather information and make decisions about students’ learning progress
Which of the following are accountability provisions of the No Child Left Behind Act? (Multiple answers)
1. All states are required to create standards for what every child should know at all grades.
2. Independent agencies (agencies outside school districts) sponsored by the federal government will determine the extent to which standards are being met.
3. Students attending schools that fail to make adequate yearly progress for two years in a row can transfer to another school.
4. Students are required to take standardized tests to determine the extent to which standards are being met.
What is:
1, 3, 4
Of the following, which are important for creating a positive impression during an interview? (Multiple answers)
1. Be on time or a few minutes early for the interview.
2. Dress casually; overdressing creates a negative impression.
3. Speak clearly and use proper English.
4. Sit comfortably; fidgeting creates a negative impression.
What is:
1, 3, 4
Of the following, which most influences the curriculum?
a. States and local districts
b. Professional organizations
c. The individual teacher
d. Textbooks
What is:
c. The individual teacher
Sally Harvey, an eighth-grade math teacher, typically spends about 7 minutes after the bell rings taking roll, handing out papers, and writing assignments on the board. Karen Walters, who teaches in the room next to Sally, writes her assignments on the board during the time the students are moving from one class to another. Based on this information, which of the following conclusions is most valid?
a. Sally’s allocated time is greater than Karen’s.
b. Sally’s engaged time will be greater than Karen’s.
c. Karen’s allocated time is greater than Sally’s.
d. Karen’s instructional time will be greater than Sally’s.
What is:
d. Karen’s instructional time will be greater than Sally’s.
You are taking one class for which the topic is interesting, so you want to understand the content as thoroughly as possible, and you also want to get a high grade in the class. A second class is less interesting, but you still study hard because you want a high grade in this class as well.
Of the following, which statement best describes your intrinsic and extrinsic motivation in the two classes?
a. You’re intrinsically motivated in the first class but extrinsically motivated in the second class.
b. You’re intrinsically and extrinsically motivated in the first class, but you’re extrinsically motivated in the second class.
c. Because you study hard for both classes, you’re intrinsically motivated in both.
d. Because you want to get a high grade in both classes, you’re extrinsically motivated in both.
What is:
b. You’re intrinsically and extrinsically motivated in the first class, but you’re extrinsically motivated in the second class.
The process of requiring students to demonstrate that they have met specified standards and holding teachers responsible for students’ performance is best described as:
a. standardization.
b. criterion referencing.
c. accountability.
d. high-stakes testing.
What is:
c. accountability.
You have job offers at two different schools, and you’re trying to decide which one to accept. Of the following, which is the most important factor to consider in making your decision?
a. The commitment and leadership of the school principal, because the principal sets the tone for the school climate and working conditions
b. The attitude of the teachers in the rooms next to you, because they’re the people with whom you’ll most interact
c. The amount of technology you have available in the school, because it indicates the amount of instructional support you’ll receive
d. Your salary, because it will determine how satisfied you are on the job
What is:
a. The commitment and leadership of the school principal, because the principal sets the tone for the school climate and working conditions
The curriculum since the 1960s includes a much stronger emphasis on science and math than existed before that time. Of the following, what is the most likely reason for this increased emphasis?
a. The federal influence on the curriculum through the passage of specific pieces of legislation
b. The state influence on education through statewide testing in the area of environmental education
c. The local district influence on the curriculum through the expression of districts’ missions
d. The influence of textbooks on the curriculum, because more environmental education textbooks now exist than did before the early 1990s
What is:
a. The federal influence on the curriculum through the passage of specific pieces of legislation
Three of the following are indicators of effective classroom organization. Which one is not an indicator of effective classroom organization?
a. Greeting students as they come into class
b. Starting classes and activities on time
c. Creating well-established routines
d. Preparing instructional materials in advance
What is:
a. Greeting students as they come into class
Of the following, extrinsic motivation is best described as:
a. motivation to complete an activity that meets a need for safety.
b. motivation to complete a task to receive some reward.
c. motivation to complete a task because it enhances self-efficacy.
d. motivation to complete an activity because it results in a feeling of competence.
What is:
b. motivation to complete a task to receive some reward.
30. When you begin teaching, you will be required to work with standards in the content areas you teach. When working with standards, what will be your first task?
a. Interpreting the meaning of the standard
b. Designing learning activities to help your students meet the mandates of the standard
c. Designing assessments to help determine whether or not your students have met the standard
d. Deciding how to integrate the standard with other content areas
What is:
a. Interpreting the meaning of the standard
With respect to “surviving” your first year of teaching, which of the following statements best describes the relationship between classroom management and effective instruction?
a. Classroom management is a prerequisite to effective instruction; order must first be established before teachers can instruct effectively.
b. Orderly classrooms are a result or an outcome of effective instruction; if instruction is effective, classroom management takes care of itself.
c. Classroom management and effective instruction are interdependent; it is virtually impossible to effectively teach in a chaotic classroom, and orderly classrooms are virtually impossible if instruction is ineffective.
d. Classroom management and effective instruction are not related; classroom management refers to students’ behaviors, and effective instruction refers to teachers’ behaviors.
What is:
c. Classroom management and effective instruction are interdependent; it is virtually impossible to effectively teach in a chaotic classroom, and orderly classrooms are virtually impossible if instruction is ineffective.
Reading, writing, and math are the most strongly emphasized areas of the curriculum in elementary schools. Of the following, which is the most likely reason for this emphasis?
a. Reading, writing, and math are the areas in which students are most commonly tested.
b. Most teachers philosophically believe that reading, writing, and math are the most important areas of the curriculum.
c. Reading, writing, and particularly math, are the curriculum areas elementary teachers most enjoy teaching.
d. Reading, writing, and math are the areas in which the most hands-on learning activities can be done.
What is:
a. Reading, writing, and math are the areas in which students are most commonly tested.
Demonstrating that you know what is going on in all parts of the classroom all of the time best describes:
a. a cognitive approach to management.
b. self-regulation.
c. overlapping.
d. withitness.
What is:
d. withitness.
When compared to their less motivated peers, which of the following are true of motivated students? (multiple answers)
1. They persist longer on challenging tasks than do less motivated students.
2. They have higher natural ability than less motivated students.
3. They achieve higher than less motivated students.
4. They learn content more easily than do less motivated students.
5. They have more positive attitudes toward school than do less motivated students.
What is:
1, 3, 5
Which of the following is the best description of charter schools?
a. Schools that are financed with vouchers called financial “charters.”
b. Schools that are part of state school districts but receive “charter” funds from local businesses
c. Schools that are publicly funded but independently operated
d. All types of private schools except those that are religiously based
What is:
c. Schools that are publicly funded but independently operated
The process designed to give teachers the tools they need to improve their teaching, is best described as:
a. professional development.
b. formative evaluation.
c. summative assessment.
d. teacher advancement.
What is:
a. professional development.