Literacy Development
According to research which of the following statements is most accurate?
A.If students are behind in reading by the end of third grade, chances are they will never catch up.
B.If properly taught most students, even those who have fallen behind, will become proficient readers
C.Younger students learn at a faster pace than older students do.
D.Older struggling readers almost always require one-on-one instruction.
B.If properly taught most students, even those who have fallen behind, will become proficient readers
Teachers can best model comprehension strategies by:
a) encouraging students to read with a partner
b) inviting the principal to speak to the class
c) adding words to the classroom word wall
d) thinking aloud
D) Thinking aloud
Which word is a Tier 1 vocabulary word?
A.hopped
B.triangle
C.hypothesis
D.dog
D.dog
During shared reading, students should be encouraged to:
a) join in reading predictable refrains and rhyming words
b) remain silent as the teacher reads
c) draw a picture as the teacher reads
d) examine pictures in an alternative text
a) join in reading predictable refrains and rhyming words
ommercially produced reading programs which typically include a student’s textbook, accompanying workbook, supplemental instructional materials, and teacher’s guide are known as:
a) literature focus programs
b) expository text programs
c) basal reading programs
d) workshop programs
c) basal reading programs
Which of the following is most likely to result in longer and more elaborative responses, higher-level thought processes, and fewer no-responses and I-don’t-knows?
A.wait time
B.varied questions
C.taxonomy of questions
D.assisted questions
A.wait time
As she was reading the novel Charlotte’s Web, Helen thought about the farm on which she lived and the baby pig she received on her birthday. In this situation, Helen made a:
a) text-to-self connection
b) text-to-text connection
c) text-to-world connection
d) text-to-word connection
A) Text-to-self
___________ is the most effective approach for learning new words, and it requires little planning or effort
A.memorization of word lists.
B.vocabulary workbooks.
C.wide reading.
D.graphic organizers.
C.wide reading.
A kindergarten teacher suspects that her new student has not had the same rich exposure to books that most of his classmates have had. Of the following, which assessment tool could most likely help a teacher measure a young child’s understanding of books?
a) an informal reading inventory
b) a concepts-about-print test
c) a running record
d) a portfolio assessment
b) a concepts-about-print test
In the English language, there are approximately:
a) 10 speech sounds
b) 44 speech sounds
c) 100 speech sounds
d) Over 500 speech sounds
b) 44 speech sounds
Which questions are best for helping students activate schema and read with a purpose in mind?
A.questions asked before a selection is read
B.questions asked at key stopping points during the reading of a selection
C.questions asked after each page has been read
D.questions asked after a selection has been read
A.questions asked before a selection is read
The best way to help students apply comprehension strategies is to provide time for them to:
a) view and discuss films with classmates
b) read expository texts in basal readers
c) read interesting books at their reading level
d) add interesting words to the word wall
c) read interesting books at their reading level
What must happen for vocabulary study to have an impact upon comprehension?
A.All the new words in the story must be introduced, preferably with a list at the beginning of the piece.
B.Unfamiliar words important to an understanding of the selection should be taught well and defined and used in context.
C.The selection must be simple, brief, and composed with one-syllable words.
D.The selection must be read multiple times after the new words are introduced to avoid loss of comprehension.
B.Unfamiliar words important to an understanding of the selection should be taught well and defined and used in context.
Young children are surrounded by words. Print such as logos on cereal boxes and signs for a
favorite toy store or restaurant is known as:
a) predictable print
b) decodable print
c) concept print
d) environmental print
d) environmental print
During guided reading instruction, students usually work in:
a) self-selected groupings
b) mixed-age groupings
c) heterogeneous ability groups
d) homogeneous ability groups
d) homogeneous ability groups
Phonemic awareness instruction should be:
a) integrated with other components of a balanced literacy program
b) isolated to emphasize phonics skills
c) used only with children with limited exposure to the English language
d) emphasized at all grade levels
a) integrated with other components of a balanced literacy program
Capable readers usually:
a) create mental images as they read
b) focus upon decoding
c) prefer to read orally
d) read only books written at their independent level
a) create mental images as they read
Students often figure out a new word based on its more familiar root word, or encounter a word that is in their listening vocabulary but not in their reading vocabulary. They look for a part of the word they know, or try to think of a familiar word that is like the unknown word. What concept does this involve?
A.dictionary use
B.homophones
C.contextual clues
D.morphemic analysis
D.morphemic analysis
Effective teachers have learned that it is best to teach letters of the alphabet:
a) in alphabetical order
b) before introducing whole words
c) using drills and writing activities
d) using children’s own names and providing many experiences with meaningful written language
d) using children’s own names and providing many experiences with meaningful written language
Educators who believe that learning is the result of stimulus and response actions subscribe to a theory known as:
a) constructivism
b) behaviorism
c) reader response
d) inquiry learning
b) behaviorism
Theorists such as Piaget explained that students’ knowledge is organized into cognitive structures or files in mental filing cabinets known as:
a) repetends
b) scaffolds
c) zones
d) schemata
d) schemata
Of the following, the most effective way to help students improve their reading is to:
a) provide time for them to read books at their own reading level
b) provide time for drill and practice activities
c) send home daily report cards
d) send home content-area worksheets
a) provide time for them to read books at their own reading level
The three tiers of words as described by Beck, McKeown, and Kucan (2002) are
a) basic words, academic vocabulary, and specialized terms
b) easy, difficult, and high-level
c) academic, personal, and professional
d) short words, medium words, and long words
a) basic words, academic vocabulary, and specialized terms
Young children’s introduction and exposure to written language usually begins:
a) before they come to school
b) when they enter kindergarten
c) when they enter first grade
d) when they meet classmates
a) before they come to school
The word bookcases contains:
a) one morpheme
b) two morphemes
c) three morphemes
d) four morphemes
c) three morphemes