What you Need to Know
Listening and speaking.
What is oral language?
A kind of explicit modeling in which the teacher shares his or her own thinking processes when performing a task.
What are think-alouds?
Observations or other nonstandardized assessment procedures.
What is informal assessment?
Text that tells a story; it is usually organized in a sequential pattern and consists of story elements.
What are narrative texts?
An instructional approach that involves directly showing and talking about what is to be learned.
What is explicit modeling?
Ability to listen, speak, read, write, and think.
What is literacy?
Fluent processing of information that occurs with little effort. Doing something automatically.
What is automaticity?
The process of documenting, usually in measurable terms, knowledge, skill, attitudes, and beliefs.
What is assessment?
Text that presents information and is organized in whatever way best suits the type of information being presented and the purpose for presenting it.
What is expository text?
A strategy that involves forming mental pictures while reading to connect the questions and knowledge in one's head with what one is reading.
What is visualizing?
The part of reading that involves the process of translating written language into verbal speech sounds.
What is decoding?
Knowledge and control of one’s own thinking and learning. In reading, it refers to the reader being aware of when reading makes sense and adjusting his or her reading when comprehension fails.
What is metacognition?
A test or task using procedures that are carried out under controlled conditions.
What is formal assessment?
The organization of informational text.
What is text structure?
The part of a minilesson in which students continue to use a strategy with teacher guidance but without modeling.
What is guided practice?
What students already know, through learning and experience, about a topic or about a kind of text.
What is prior knowledge?
A concise teacher-directed lesson that is designed to teach a specific strategy, skill, concept, or process.
What is a minilesson?
Assessment activities that reflect literacy in the community, the workplace, and the classroom.
What is authentic assessment?
A strategy for accessing prior knowledge and setting purposes for reading a given text, usually expository, and then recording what has been learned after reading; K = what I know, W =what I want to know, and L = what I have learned or still need to learn.
What is K-W-L?
A strategy that involves thinking of questions while reading that require integration of new information and then reading to answer those questions.
What is generating and answering questions?
In reading, the ability to read words of connected text smoothly and without significant word recognition problems.
What is fluency?
Different ways in which a text can be read, moving from teacher-directed reading to student-independent reading. Usually, there are five: independent reading, cooperative reading, guided reading, shared reading, and read-aloud.
What are modes of reading?
A task that requires the student to demonstrate literacy knowledge or skill through real-world response; a form of authentic assessment.
What is a performance assessment?
A theory that proposes individuals develop a cognitive structure of knowledge in the mind to which new information and experiences are added as they occur.
What is schema theory?
Pulling together the essential elements or main ideas of expository text; also, recapping the story elements of a narrative.
What is summarizing?