Group A
This is a phenomenon where learning a new behavior opens up a new environment, allowing an individual to have access to new reinforcers, contingencies, and settings.
A: Behavior cusp B: Pivotal behavior
A: Behavior cusp
When Michael sees Elmo from the Sesame Street on TV, he says, “Elmo.” This exemplifies the verbal operant of:
A: Mand B: Tact C: Intraverbal D: Echoic
B: Tact
This system is implemented to confirm data accuracy between two observers.
A: OIA B: IOA C: AIO
IOA (Interobserver agreement)
When Nancy asks, “How are you?” Michael responds by saying, “I’m fine.” This exemplifies the verbal operant of:
A: Mand B: Tact C: Intraverbal D: Echoic
C: Intraverbal
When Michael eats a hot chili, he screams and says, “Water!” This exemplifies the verbal operant of:
A: Mand B: Tact C: Intraverbal D: Echoic
A: Mand
Which of the following is NOT an unconditioned MO (UMO)?
A: Food B: Air C: Book D: Sleep
C: Book
This person primarily focused on studying a reflex, an involuntary behavior, and presented a theory of classical conditioning.
A: B. F. Skinner B: Ivan Pavlov C: Edward Thorndike D: John B. Watson
B: Ivan Pavlov
This measurement studies the time between the SD and the response.
A: Duration B: Response latency C: Interresponse time D: Intertrial interval
B: Response latency
This person believed studying human consciousness was unnecessary and only focused on objective, observable behavior. He later published “Psychology as the Behaviorist Views it.”
A: B. F. Skinner B: Ivan Pavlov C: Edward Thorndike D: John B. Watson
D: John B. Watson
In this group contingency, a reward is given only when all members of a group meet the contingency criterion.
A: Independent group contingency B: Interdependent group contingency C: Dependent group contingency
B: Interdependent group contingency
This is a type of discontinuous measurement that checks the occurrence of behavior at the end of each interval.
A: Whole interval recording B: Partial interval recording C: Momentary time sampling
C: Momentary time sampling
This pattern of responses is sometimes observed in a fixed interval and is named after the shape of a sea shell.
Scalloping (effect)
Which of the following is NOT a validity that is typically addressed in ABA research?
A: Internal validity B: Communication validity C: External validity D: Social validity
B: Communication validity
The type of MO that decreases the effectiveness of a reinforcer due to a state of satiation is known as:
Abolishing operation (AO)
A=B. B=C. Therefore, A=C. This interchangeable relationship exemplifies _____ in stimulus equivalence.
A: Symmetry B: Reflexivity C: Transitivity
C: Transitivity
An individual may stop responding to the SD after they receive a reinforcer in a fixed ratio or fixed interval. This phenomenon is known as:
Post-reinforcement pause
A stimulus that is available in the environment but does not reinforce the behavior is known as:
Stimulus delta (S-Delta)
Name one type of single-subject design.
Reversal design/withdrawal design, alternating treatment design, multiple baseline design, changing criterion design
Michael likes to eat potato chips. His mom decides to use potato chips as a reinforcer to do his math questions. When she decides to give him potato chips when he completes 500 math questions, he gives up, as the requirement is too high. This phenomenon is known as:
Ratio strain
Michael is a five-year-old boy with autism. According to his parents, Michael often throws a tantrum when denied access to the TV. You are assigned to this case, and you go to observe him. As Michael knows that you are observing him, he does not engage in the tantrums that he typically exhibits. What seems to be occurring here?
Reactivity
Michael is taking an ABA class. One day, his professor asks the class a question, and Michael knows the answer, but because he is too shy to answer in front of his classmates, he stays quiet. This phenomenon is known as:
Stimulus blocking (masking)
Michael is a college student. He decides to reward himself with a bottle of beer on the weekend if he studies for an hour from Monday through Friday. One day, feeling very tired, he only studied for 30 minutes. He then convinced himself that he had studied hard enough and gave himself a bottle of beer. What do you call this phenomenon in the ABA term?
Bootleg reinforcement
Michael has an MO to get a gallon of water and goes to the garage. He then realizes that the garage is locked. He now has a new MO to get the garage key. This type of CMO is called:
Transitive CMO (CMO-T)
This therapeutic intervention, developed by Steven Hayes, focuses on becoming more flexible in one’s mind and achieving psychological flexibility.
Acceptance and Commitment Therapy (ACT)
This measurement studies the result of the target behavior so that the observer does not have to be present while the behavior is occurring.
Permanent product recording