Vocabulary
What are the letters a, e, i, o, u, and sometimes y?
A vowel
A student knows they have to capitalize their name, what skill are they showing?
They're letter knowledge
Decode this word: Ship
/Sh/ /i/ /p/
The smallest unit of sound in spoken language that makes a difference in communication
Phoneme
A student understands punctuation and the direction in which text should be written and read. What skill are they using.
Concepts of print
identify the rime: Slug
Ug
What is the ability to distinguish the separate phonemes in a spoken word?
Phonemic awareness
A student reads a difficult word they have never read before. They split the word up into phonemes and sounded it out by blending the words. What skill are they using?
Decoding
Split this word up by phonemes: Write
/Wr/ /i/ /te/
What is the awareness that oral language is composed of smaller units, such as spoken words and syllables?
Phonological Awareness
A student understands that the letter 'r' affects the sound of the vowel(s) that come before it. They know that shirt, clerk, and sharp all make different sounds because of the letter 'r'. What skill are they using?
They're understanding of r-controlled vowels
Identify the onset: plant
Pl
What is the understanding that letters represent the sounds of spoken language [phonemes] and that phonemes have a predictable, systematic relationship to letters and letter combinations?
Alphabetic Principle
A student hears their parent say a word but doesn't quite know how to write it out. They focus on the individual phonemes and sounds they heard to write down the word. After sounding it out they say it out loud. What skill are they using?
Encoding
What are some orthographic patterns?
'-ight' '-tion' 'ai'