Information Processing
What is "working memory"?
Short Term Memory (Limited amounts of information for a few seconds)
What causes people to remember things?
Rehearsal
What study strategies help students learn?
Notetaking, summarizing, writing to learn, outlining, concept mapping can effectively promote learning
What is the most important component of the nervous system?
Neurons
What are the 3 major components of the information-processing model?
Sensory Register, Short term/working memory, Long Term Memory
What causes people to forget things?
Interference
What is metacognition?
Knowledge about ones own learning, or about how to learn
What is the function of the brainstem?
The part of the brain that controls the most basic function: heartbeat, body temperature, blood pressure, etc.
Name one other type of information-processing model.
Levels-of-processing theory, Dual Code Theory
Define the primacy effect and the recency effect
Primacy effect: Tendency to learn the first items presented
Recency effect: Tendency to learn the last items presented
Name one type of verbal learning activitiy.
Paired-associate-learning
Serial Learning
Free-recall learning
Name one major area of the brain.
Cerebrum, Corpus Callosum, Limbic Area, Hippocampus, Brainstem, Amygdala, Hypothalamus, Thalamus.
Name the 3 parts of long term memory.
When is automaticity most useful?
Skills in which speed and limited mental resources are necessary and long term memory is not enough.
Example: reading
Differentiate between rote learning and meaningful learning.
Rote learning refers to the memorization of facts, while meaningful learning is related to information or concepts that learners already have.
Name one example of a common "neuromyth"
2) People only use 10% of their brain capacity
3) People have brain based "learning styles" and learn best when taught according to their style.
What is the capacity of working memory?
5-9 items, or about 12 seconds
What is the most important principle of the schema theory?
Information that fits into an existing schema is more easily understood, learned, and retained than information that does not fit into an existing schema.
What are the 4 R's of the PQ4R Study Method?
Read, Reflect, Recite, Review
What are the four components of the limbic system?
Thalamus, Hypothalamus, Hippocampus, Amygdala