Vocab I
What is matter
substance that has mass and takes up space
How is mass measured
with a balance scale
this is the basic building block of molecules
element
Name the 4 types of matter
solid, liquid, gas, plasma
The letters for oxygen, carbon, nitrogen
oxygen: O
carbon: C
nitrogen: N
What is mass
the amount of stuff something has
What is a mixture?
Two things that combine retain their original properties. (think Chex mix)
name 5 elements
hydrogen, helium, oxygen, carbon, nitrogen, potassium, calcium, phosphorus. . .
Name an acid and a base
Acid: lemon juice, vinegar, car battery
Base: Baking powder, soap, ammonia
Abbreviations for Phosphorus, Fluorine, Boron
Phosphorus = P
Fluorine = F
Boron = B
The law of thermal equilibrium says that heat moves from
hot to cold
What is a compound?
Two substances that combine chemically
This is what the atomic number refers to
What is the number of protons in an element; large number on the periodic table
Name the parts of the atom
Proton, Neutron, and Electron.
Protons and neutrons reside in the nucleus. Electrons are in the orbital cloud
Abbreviations for Helium, Bromine, Calcium
Helium- HE
Bromine-BR
Calcium-CA
Heat transfer from a warmer item to a cooler item
What is convection?
Name 2 types of bonding and describe the electron relationship
Ionic bonding: give and take of an electron
covalent bonding: sharing of an electron
Daily double: Answer both parts
1. This is what makes an element a noble gas.
2. Name at least 2 Noble gasses
1. The valence electrons are completely filled.
2. Helium, neon, argon, krypton, xenon, radon
List 6 of the physical properties of matter
color, taste, electrical properties, weight, optical properties, hardness/softness, texture, temperature for state change
Abbreviations for Neon, Argon, Xenon
Neon- NE
Argon-AR
Xenon-XE
What is the difference between an endothermic and an exothermic reaction
endothermic: absorbs energy--test tube will feel cold
exothermic: radiates energy--test tube will feel hot
What is the difference between a polymer and a crystal
polymer: long chains of connected atoms
crystal: atoms arranged in an orderly way
What elements make up a protien
hydrogen, carbon, oxygen, nitrogen, sulfur
DAILY Double
What is produced when a base and an acid are combined
What type of reaction is this
salt and water
neutralization
Abbreviations for Lead, Potassium, Sodium
Lead-Pb
Potassium-K
Sodium-Na