Eye Disorders
A 75-year-old patient presents with gradual bilateral loss of central vision, making it difficult to read. What is the most likely diagnosis, and what treatment can slow progression?
What is age-related macular degeneration, and anti-VEGF injections?
A child presents with ear pain, fever, and a bulging, erythematous tympanic membrane. What is the first-line treatment?
What is amoxicillin for acute otitis media?
A patient has clear rhinorrhea, nasal congestion, and postnasal drip triggered by allergens. What is the treatment of choice?
What is intranasal corticosteroids for allergic rhinitis?
A child presents with sore throat, fever, and anterior cervical lymphadenopathy. What is the likely cause and first-line treatment?
What is streptococcal pharyngitis, and treatment is amoxicillin or penicillin?
A child presents with barking cough, inspiratory stridor, and a "steeple sign" on X-ray. What is the most likely diagnosis?
What is croup?
A patient has sudden painless vision loss with a "cherry-red spot" on fundoscopy. What condition is this, and what is the immediate treatment?
What is central retinal artery occlusion, and immediate ocular massage with acetazolamide?
A patient with diabetes presents with severe ear pain, purulent drainage, and granulation tissue in the external ear canal. What is the diagnosis and treatment?
What is malignant otitis externa, and treatment is IV ciprofloxacin?
A patient with chronic sinus infections has nasal polyps and asthma. What should they avoid to prevent worsening symptoms?
What is aspirin, due to the risk of Samter’s triad exacerbation?
A patient presents with a "hot potato voice," trismus, and uvular deviation. What is the most likely diagnosis?
What is peritonsillar abscess?
A child presents with drooling, fever, and a "thumbprint sign" on X-ray. What is the next step?
What is securing the airway for epiglottitis?
A diabetic patient presents with blurred vision and retinal microaneurysms on fundoscopy. What is the best long-term management?
What is blood sugar control and possible laser photocoagulation for diabetic retinopathy?
A wrestler presents with ear pain and swelling after trauma. What is the treatment to prevent deformity?
What is immediate incision and drainage with a compression dressing for auricular hematoma?
A young child presents with unilateral foul-smelling nasal discharge. What is the most likely cause?
What is a nasal foreign body?
A patient has thick white patches on the tongue that cannot be scraped off. What is the diagnosis and concern?
What is leukoplakia, and concern is malignant transformation?
A patient presents with orbital pain, proptosis, and restricted eye movement. What is the diagnosis and next step?
What is orbital cellulitis, and next step is IV antibiotics and CT scan?
A 32-year-old woman with multiple sclerosis presents with painful vision loss and decreased color perception. What is the diagnosis and treatment?
What is optic neuritis, and high-dose IV steroids?
A patient presents with vertigo, tinnitus, and hearing loss that comes and goes. What is the most likely diagnosis and first-line treatment?
What is Ménière’s disease, and treatment includes a low-sodium diet and diuretics?
A patient presents with severe unilateral facial pain, fever, and black necrotic tissue in the nasal cavity. What is the diagnosis and treatment?
What is invasive fungal sinusitis, and treatment is IV amphotericin B with surgical debridement?
A young man presents with multiple painful ulcers with a red halo inside the mouth. What is the diagnosis and treatment?
What is aphthous ulcers, and treatment is topical corticosteroids?
A patient presents with an expanding neck mass, dysphagia, and airway compromise after a dental infection. What is the most likely diagnosis?
What is Ludwig’s angina, and treatment includes airway management and IV antibiotics?
A patient presents with halos around lights, nausea, and a fixed, mid-dilated pupil. What is the most likely diagnosis and definitive treatment?
What is acute angle-closure glaucoma, and treatment includes IV mannitol, topical beta-blockers, and laser iridotomy?
A patient reports sudden unilateral hearing loss after a viral infection. What is the next step in management?
What is urgent audiometry and possible corticosteroid therapy for sudden sensorineural hearing loss?
patient presents with a nasal fracture and a septal hematoma. What is the next step in management?
What is immediate incision and drainage to prevent septal necrosis?
A patient with progressive hoarseness, smoking history, and weight loss is at risk for what diagnosis?
What is laryngeal cancer?
A patient presents after facial trauma with periorbital ecchymosis ("raccoon eyes"), cerebrospinal fluid rhinorrhea, and malocclusion. What is the suspected diagnosis?
What is a Le Fort fracture?