Chapt. 11-12 Physical & Cognitive Development in MC
Average body growth in MC?
Self- esteem
The confident and satisfaction a child has in themselves
Puberty
A flood of biological events leading to an adult-sized body and sexual maturity
Stage 1 of Kohnlberg's stages of moral understanding
Punishment and obedience orientation – avoidance of punishment drives behavior
why might a child be afraid of going to school?
Bullying
Theory of mind:
A set of beliefs about your mental activities
- Children now see mind as active, evolving, constructive
- Recursive thoughts
- Thinking about two perspectives at once
- realize varying viewpoints
- evaluate their own and others reasoning
the 4 types of parents are:
Authoritarian
harsh , unreasonable discipline
“My way or the highway”
Authoritative
Explains rules, loving, firm; helps develop co-regulation relationships with child
Permissive
Offers no boundaries, but still loving
Abusive or neglect
Possible physcial, emotional, or sexually
Average growth in adolescents
Height: 10–11 inches
Weight: 50-75 pounds
identity Achievement
"I thought about it and I now know what I should do with my life."
What is the first core value for NAEYC?
Appreciate childhood as a unique and valuable stage of the human life cycle
When is secular trend most evident?
During periods of high growth in MC. (Slows down in adult maturity).
Emotional self-efficacy
When children develop emotional self-regulation and can apply coping strategies.
Personal Fable
adolescents tell themselves that they are special and unique, so much so that none of life's difficulties or problems will affect them regardless of their behavior.
Bicultural identity
Formed by exploring and adopting values from both one’s subculture and the dominant culture
What is the 5th principle of NAEYC?
We shall use appropriate assessment systems, which include multiple sources of information, to provide information on children’s learning and devel- opment.
Provide two ways obesity can be caused
- Genetics
- Family stress
- Early rapid growth
- Low SES
- Family eating habits
- Response to food cues
- Low physical activity
- tv/ screen time
Attribution retraining
Working on low-esteem children and children who have “learned helplessness,” through positive communication that focuses on exerting more effort and using more effective strategies in the classroom
Pragmatics
Improved capacity to adapt your language to social context
Use of slang as sign of group belonging
Stage 6 of Kohnlberg's stages of moral understanding
Universal ethical principle orientation – moral choices are defined by personal ethical choices
What is the first principle for NAEYC?
Above all, we shall not harm children. We shall not participate in practices that are emotionally dam- aging, physically harmful, disrespectful, degrading, dangerous, exploitative, or intimidating to children. This principle has precedence over all others in this Code
Define: Classification, Seriation, Spatial reasoning
what is the ability to identify the properties of categories and to relate categories to one another
ordering things to a quantitative dimension
the ability to create maps of space, movement, or locations
Co-regulation
Parents shift control from adult to child letting them take charge of moment-by-moment decisions.
Imaginary audience
The belief of an adolescent that others are constantly focusing attention on him or her, scrutinizing behaviors, appearance, and the like
Erikson’s theory: identity vs role confusion Role confusion
Weak sense of trust, lack of faith in ideals
Little autonomy or initiative
Little active exploration during adolescence
Failure to choose vocation that matches interests and skills
What is the 6th core value on the NAEYC
Respect diversity in children, families, and colleagues