Water regulations
Two of the regulated THMs
Bromodichloromethane
Dibromochloromethane
Bromoform
Chloroform
The four types of settling
Discrete
Flocculent
Hindered
Compression
The most abundant oxidant in natural aquatic systems
Oxygen
An example of a chemical disinfection method that is NOT oxidation
Halogens
Metals
Acids and bases
Alcohol
The river that receives the discharge from the Mt. Pleasant WWTP
Chippewa River
The required log removal for Giardia and viruses
Giardia log3
Viruses log4
Three independent parameters that can be adjusted in jar tests
Coagulant dose
pH
Additives
Mixing time
Mixing intensity
Mixing strategy
An oxidant used to remove Fe and Mn and control taste, odors and color but is a poor disinfectant
Potassium permanganate (KMnO4)
A disadvantage of UV disinfection
No residual
Water needs to have low turbidity
Method to re-aerate the water before discharge to the river
Cascades
The difference between grab sampling and composite sampling
Grab sampling is taken at a specific location and analyzed
Composite sampling is a combined sample between different locations or at different times
A filter is in optimum operation when these two events happen at the same time
Maximum headloss
Breakthrough
One of the operational challenges of membrane processes
Scaling and fouling
Concentration polarization
Brine management
The reason why chloramines are not used as primary disinfectants
They deactivate over time and leave no residual
The WWTP is considering adding this type of process that relies on the generation of hydroxyl radicals to oxidize organic compounds
Advanced Oxidation Processes
A regulatory method that is not numeric standards
Treatment technique
Maximum Degradable Load
Incentives to treat
The particle collection mechanism avoided in filters
Sieving
The two separation mechanisms in membrane processes
Size exclusion
Diffusion
The name of the model used for disinfection kinetics
Chick-Watson's rule
Disinfection method used in the Mt. Pleasant WWTP
UV disinfection
An organic contaminant that was used for rocket fuel, it is a chloramine DBP and is in listed in CCL4
NDMA (N-nitrosodimethylamine)
This chemical widely used in water treatment can improve performance in primary settling, remove hardness and heavy metals and increase pH
Lime (CaO/Ca(OH)2)
In general, this property is a good indicator of the adsorbability of a molecule in activated carbon
Hydrophobicity
Mechanical disinfection methods that are used before chemical disinfection to earn disinfection credits
Coagulation/flocculation
Sedimentation
Filtration
The WWTP uses ferrous chloride as coagulant. These are two particle destabilization mechanisms for FeCl2
Charge neutralization
Sweep coagulation