Geography & Basics
What are 2 reasons the Nile was crucial to Egyptian society?
Why did the Egyptians build the pyramids?
Because they worshiped the pharaohs as gods, and the pyramids were built as a way to honor them, especially because the afterlife was so central to the Egyptian religion and culture
The Egyptians amazing monuments and pyramids demonstrate their skills in engineering and what other field?
Mathematics!
What did Egyptians believe they needed to do in order to overcome death and allow their soul to survive in the afterlife?
What effect did the lack of farm land have on the Kushites?
They were more motivated to trade in order to gain those necessary resources like food
What is the order of the main social classes in Egyptian society?
(From lowest to highest:) farmers, merchants, scribes, priests, pharaohs
How did Hatshepsut change Egypt during her reign as pharaoh?
She increased Egypt's wealth by increasing trade
What effects did preserving bodies have on Egyptians' knowledge of science?
Because mummification was a detailed and thorough process, it let them learn about anatomy and medicine, which in turn helped them treat living people.
Give 2 characteristics of Egyptian gods
They controlled all aspects of life, they could be either kind or hostile towards humans, and the pharaoh himself was a god
How did its location help the Kush become a powerful kingdom?
It provided a trading link between Egypt and parts of Africa that were south of the Sahara
How were Egyptian farmers able to create a food surplus?
Along with the regular flooding of the Nile, farmers created irrigation systems to water large fields of crops
Which pharaoh was known for building monuments and fighting in many battles to acquire territory?
Ramses II
Why was the development of papyrus (and hieroglyphics) so important to the many advancements the Egyptians made?
Because papyrus was easier to make and use, and because it lasted for extremely long periods of time without decaying, they were able to maintain better records for longer. Because of this vast amount of knowledge, they were able to make more advances than some of their neighboring civilizations
What are some reasons why Egyptians would paint the walls of a person's tomb?
They might want the ensure that person had the objects included in the painting, or they might be trying to provide the person with a map to the afterlife
What effect did trade with the Egyptians have on the Kushites?
They adopted many aspects of Egyptian culture
Where is the Nile delta?
It is located in Lower Egypt
What was the name of Hatshepsut's son and the future pharaoh of Egypt?
Thutmose III
How did the Egyptians advanced knowledge of astronomy and mathematics helpful to farmers?
The priests and scribes were able to create a calendar to assist with seasons, which in turn helped them predict when the Nile would flood. Because of this, they were able to help the farmers better plan their crops
Who are Osiris and Isis?
(Bonus stars if you can summarized their legend!!)
Osiris was the god of the underworld, and according to legend, he was killed and chopped into pieces by a rival god, Seth.
Isis is the wife of Osiris, the mother goddess of Egypt. She went to help her now dead husband by finding all the pieces of his body and bringing him back to life. Because of this, Isis represented love, caring, and protection, and so Egyptians looked to her for protection in both life and death.
What are 2 of the Kushites greatest achievements?
The invention of one of the world's first alphabets, the development of Africa's first iron-working city, and trade networks that stretched from Greece to south of the Sahara
What caused difficulties for Kushite trading boats in the Nile?
The Nile cataracts as they made it impossible for the boats to pass them
The ancient Egyptians considered the pharaoh to be which god in human form?
Horus!
Early forms of glass and mortar for setting bricks and stones demonstrate Egyptians' skills in what scientific field?
Chemistry!
Which god defeated the Osiris's rival god, Seth?
Horus!
What were the advantages of establishing Meroe as the new capital of the Kush?
It was located near iron deposits and trade routes, which made it easier to increase the kingdom's wealth and power