Translations
להכריז
To announce
What Mitzvah is our Mishnah and Gemara explaining?
השבת אבידה Returning lost objects
Explain the case of דרך נפילה
The produce was found in a 'fallen manner'. It looked like it had just fallen there.
Explain the concept of סימן
If an item has a Siman- an identifiable mark, then you cannot keep it and you would need to announce it.
What is the modern day measurement of a Kav
1.2-2.4 kilograms
מפוזרין
Scattered
Why do you have to announce כלי אנפוריא new vessels?
Because they are brand new and there is no way to identify them.
Explain the case דרך הינוח
The produce was found in a 'placed manner'. It looks like it was placed there intestinally.
Explain the concept of יאוש
Giving up hope, we assume that the owner will give up hope of finding something and then the finder can keep it.
What is the modern day measurement of an Amah?
Approximately 50 centimetres.
Since
Am I allowed to keep 2 Kav in 8 Amot of scattered produce?
Yes because it's too much of a bother for the owner to pick up.
Or no, because it is valuable and the owner will come and get it.
Explain the case of half a Kav in 2 Amot
Either it is not valuable and the owner won't go back or it so you can keep it.
OR
It is not much of a bother, the owner will go back for it and you can't keep it.
Explain the concept of תיקו
'Let it stand', the questions remains unresolved, but will be answered by Eliyahu Hanavi when he announces the coming of Mashiach.
Which produce were considered valuable in the times of the Gemara?
Sesame seeds
Perhaps
Why is קב בארבע אמות not a good measurement for scattered fruits?
Because if it fell you should be able to keep more than קב בארבע אמות and if it was placed intentionally you should not be able to keep even less than קב בארבע אמות
Explain the case of שומשמין
A Kav of sesame seeds is a big bother to collect. The owner will not go back for it and the finder can keep it.
OR
It is veyry valuabe, The owner will go back for it and the finder cannot keep it.
Explain the concept of נפיש טרחייהו (a great bother)
If it too bothersome for the farmer to pick up the produce, he will leave it there and make it Hefker. The finder is then able to keep it.
And Vice Versa
Which fruits were considered not so valuable in the times of the Gemara?
Dates and Pomegranates
במכנשתא דבי דרי
With a threshing floor
Which is more important: Bother or Value?
They are the same! That is why we don't have an answer to Rabi Yirmiya's 4 questions
Rabbi Yehuda says anything that has some type of change you must announce. What are his two examples?
A fig cake with a piece of pottery inside it
A loaf of bread with money inside it.
Explain the concept of חשיבי (valuable)
If the produce is valuable then the farmer will likely go back to retrieve it, even if it is a bother.
And vice versa.
What do the letters of תיקו stand for?