Figurative Language
"Persephone was raised among flowers and looked like a flower herself."
Simile
All I've ever wanted is for Juli Baker to leave me alone. For her to back off-you know, just give me some space.
First Person Point of View
Everyone is concerned about food privileges in class but what about phone privileges?!
Red Herring: distracting from the main argument.
"It's dangerous to drive on icy streets. The streets are icy now, so it would be dangerous to drive on the streets."
Deductive Reasoning- If X is true, Y is true, then Z must be true.
"That took all of the spirit out of me."
Pathos-Appeal to emotions
"The fields were blasted and parched, trees were stripped of leaves, standing blighted, with the blazing sun beating down."
Personification
As you descend into the the deepest parts of the ocean, you realize that your oxygen tank is running out of air. Now you're fish food.
2nd Person POV
Ad Hominem- attacking a person rather than their argument.
Jennifer always leaves for school at 7:00 a.m. Jennifer is always on time. Jennifer assumes, then, that if she leaves at 7:00 a.m. for school today, she will be on time.
Inductive Reasoning- when a specific observation leads to a broad conclusion.
"And President Bush, the first, asked me to come and be his specialist for Soviet Affairs."
Ethos- Appeal to credibility
"One luminary clock against the sky."
Metaphor
“As the campers settled into their tents, Zara hoped her eyes did not betray her fear, and Lisa silently wished for the night to quickly end”
Third Person Omniscient
Ad Populum-Bandwagon, doing something based on popularity.
The waitress must have noticed I wasn’t enjoying my meal, that’s probably why she offered to get me something else to eat instead.
Abductive Reasoning- a pattern to make a generalized conclusion.
"I held my face close to him; that was all I could do to say goodbye. And then he was gone, I have never seen him since."
Pathos- Appeal to emotions
"Break a leg."
Idiom
"We were taken into a light, airy stable, and placed in boxes adjoining each other. Mr. York, our new coachman, came in to see us."
First Person Narrative POV
"The controversy over Tenzing and his part in the ascent of Everest is an absurdity which might nevertheless develop into an ugly quarrel if not checked."
Slippery Slope- chain of events that lead to an unlikely extreme outcome.
Every time you eat peanuts, you start to cough. You are allergic to peanuts.
Inductive Reasoning- when a specific observation leads to a broad conclusion.
"And so, I studied Russia. And I studied Russian. And I became proficient at what I did and I went off to teach."
"The house was approached by graveled driveways which wound about through wide-spreading lawns."
Alliteration
"No one saw him and Buck go off through the orchard on what Buck imagined was merely a stroll...This man talked with Manuel, and money chinked between them."
Third Person Limited
Strawman- an oversimplification
These are my favorite jeans and I can’t fit into them anymore. I must have gained weight.
Abductive Reasoning- a pattern to make a generalized conclusion.
"Nearly half of the people who have died on Everest have been Nepali guides. In the 2014 climbing season, 16 Nepali guides were killed in an avalanche."
Logos- Appeal to logic (facts, statistics)