Literary Elements
The message or lesson an author wants the reader to learn
Theme
The emotional atmosphere created for the reader by a story
Mood
The overarching or most important detail from an informational text
Central/main idea
A comparison using like or as
Simile
A sentence that clearly states the main argument of an essay
Thesis statement
The narrator’s position: first, second, or third person
Point of view
The author’s attitude toward the topic or characters, revealed through word choice
Tone
The author’s reason for writing (to inform, persuade, entertain)
Author’s purpose
Language that appeals to the five senses
Sensory language (imagery)
Introducing a quotation smoothly instead of dropping it into a paragraph
Using a lead‑in
How an author develops a character using actions, thoughts, or dialogue
Characterization
The part of the plot where the main conflict reaches its highest poin
Climax
A statement the author believes and supports with evidence
Claim
Giving human qualities to nonhuman things
Personification
Rewriting information from a source in your own words without changing the meaning
Paraphrasing
How events build tension leading up to the main turning point
Rising action
How events are organized (exposition, rising action, climax, etc.)
Plot structure
Information that supports or challenges an author’s claim
Relevant evidence
Words with similar meanings used for precision
Synonyms
Giving credit to the source of information used in writing
Citation
The town is dark, empty, and silent, causing the character to feel afraid.
What literary element most influences the character’s feelings?
Setting
Storm clouds, violent wind, and eerie silence make the reader feel tense and nervous.
What literary element is being created?
Mood
The article explains the causes of air pollution, then describes the effects it has on human health and the environment. Finally, it suggests ways pollution can be reduced.
What text structure is the author primarily using?
Cause and effect
“The classroom was a zoo during group work.”
What figurative language is used?
Metaphor
“Some argue homework causes stress; however, research shows it improves learning.”
What part of the argument is being used?
Counterclaim and rebuttal