Inferences
What do we use to make an inference?
Prior knowledge and details from the text
What is the definition of theme?
a moral, lesson, message that the author wants to teach us
What is a summary?
a retelling of the main points of a story in your own words
a brief statement including main details from a text
What does the R in RACE stand for?
restate the question
What is the main idea of a selection?
What the story is all about!!
What is the definition of explicit?
direct
clear
can be found in the text
Every day after work Paul took his muddy boots off on the steps of the front porch. Alice would have a fit if the boots made it so far as the welcome mat. He then took off his dusty overalls and threw them into a plastic garbage bag; Alice left a new garbage bag tied to the porch railing for him every morning. On his way in the house, he dropped the garbage bag off at the washing machine and went straight up the stairs to the shower as he was instructed. He would eat dinner with her after he was “presentable,” as Alice had often said.
How would you describe Alice?
Neat
Tidy
Organized
Orderly
Controlling
. In his sophomore year of high school, Michael Jordan tried out for the varsity basketball team at Laney High School in Wilmington, North Carolina. But at five feet and eleven inches tall, the coach believed that Jordan was too short to play at that level, so Jordan was cut from the team. Jordan didn’t let this obstacle defeat him. In fact, it pushed him to work even harder. He trained vigorously and grew another four inches the following summer. When he finally made the varsity squad, Jordan averaged 25 points a game and went on to become one of the greatest basketball players in history.
What is the theme of this passage?
Never give up,
work hard and you will succeed,
always dream big
What parts should we include in a summary?
characters, problem, solution, resolution
When we're writing, we want our writing to be short and to the point. What is another way to say this?
clear and concise writing!
How are main idea and theme different?
theme: moral or lesson
main idea: what the story is mostly about
“Tommy!” Mom called out as she walked in the front door. “Tommy,” she continued shouting, “I sure could use some help with these groceries. There was still no reply. Mom walked into the kitchen to put the grocery bags down on the counter when she noticed shattered glass from the picture window all over the living room floor and a baseball not far from there. “I’m going to kill you, Tommy!” Mom yelled to herself as she realized that Tommy’s shoes were gone.
Why did Tommy leave?
He didn't want to get in trouble
Crack! Thunder struck and rain poured. Max stared blankly out the window, trying to contain his emotions that raged like the weather. He was beginning to lose it. Dropping the kite from his hand, Max broke out into full sobs. His mother comforted him, “There, there, Max. We’ll just find something else to do.” She began to unpack the picnic basket that was on the counter and offered him a sandwich. Max snapped, “I don’t wanna sand-mich!” A flash from the sky lit up the living room. Boom! Mom sighed.
Why was Max upset? How do you know?
Max was upset because he couldn't play with his kite
- it's raining and he dropped the kite from his hand
There was once a Countryman who possessed the most wonderful Goose you can imagine, for every day when he visited the nest, the Goose had laid a beautiful, glittering, golden egg.
The Countryman took the eggs to market and soon began to get rich. But it was not long before he grew impatient with the Goose because she gave him only a single golden egg a day. He was not getting rich fast enough.
Then one day, after he had finished counting his money, the idea came to him that he could get all the golden eggs at once by killing the Goose and cutting it open. But when the deed was done, not a single golden egg did he find, and his precious Goose was dead.
What is the theme of the story?
be happy with what you have,
be grateful for what you have,
don't be greedy
Summarize this story- Zoe woke up in the middle of the night. She'd had a bad nightmare. She was so afraid that she could not fall back asleep. Zoe got out of bed and made her way through the dark hall to her big sister's bedroom. Her sister sighed sleepily when Zoe crawled in beside her. Zoe was asleep in just a few minutes.
Zoe had a bad dream and couldn't fall asleep so she went and fell asleep in her sister's room.
Pets can provide certain support to people. First, animals can make people feel like they aren't lonely. Dogs can also act as guides for those hard of seeing. Lastly, dogs can make people happy when they are feeling down. These are just some ways dogs and animals can support people.
What are some transition words used in this paragraph above?
first, lastly
Niagara Falls is one of the most beautiful sights in North America.It is on the Niagra River about halfway between Lake Ontario and Lake Erie.Niagara Falls is on the American and Canadian border.The American Falls is 167 feet high.On the Canadian side, the Horseshoe Falls is 161 feet high.What is the main idea of the paragraph?
Main idea: niagra falls is a beautiful sight
What are transition words using in writing for?
To add structure,
to make your writing flow better,
to make your writing organized
Gloria was driving around the neighborhood in her pajamas. Every block or so she'd stop the car, hold her head out of the door, whistle, and call out "Candy! Candy! Come here girl!" Then she'd start the car again and slowly drive another block or two, looking around from left to right. Curtis sat in the passenger seat. He was looking around too, but he held his head low. "How many times have I told you to make sure that you shut and lock the door after you come in?" Gloria reprimanded Curtis. Curtis sighed. He felt bad enough without her finger-wagging.
What are Gloria and Curtis doing? How do you know this?
They are searching for a pet named Candy.
- calling candy out the window
- shut and lock the door (something escaped)
A Hare was making fun of the Tortoise one day for being so slow.
"Do you ever get anywhere?" he asked with a mocking laugh.
"Yes," replied the Tortoise, "and I get there sooner than you think. I'll run you a race and prove it."
The Hare was much amused at the idea of running a race with the Tortoise, but for the fun of the thing he agreed. So the Fox, who had consented to act as judge, marked the distance and started the runners off.
The Hare was soon far out of sight, and to make the Tortoise feel very deeply how ridiculous it was for him to try a race with a Hare, he lay down beside the course to take a nap until the Tortoise should catch up.
The Tortoise meanwhile kept going slowly but steadily, and, after a time, passed the place where the Hare was sleeping. But the Hare slept on very peacefully; and when at last he did wake up, the Tortoise was near the goal. The Hare now ran his swiftest, but he could not overtake the Tortoise in time.
What is the theme of the story? What are details that support this theme?
slow and steady wins the race,
doing things the right way is more important than doing it faster
details: the hare lost the race, the tortoise moved steadily, etc.
What transition phrase might you use to start off a summary paragraph?
In the beginning, at first, etc.
Lebron James is one of the greatest basketball players of all time. For instance, he has won 3 NBA championships. He has also won MVP 4 times. These are just a few reasons why Lebron is one of the greatest.
What is the topic sentence in the paragraph above?
1st sentence; Lebron James is one of the greatest basketball players of all time.
The Statue of Liberty is visited by thousands of people every year. The Statue of Liberty is a 151 foot statue of a woman holding a book and a torch. It is located on an island in New York Harbor. It was a gift of friendship from the people of France.It has become a universal symbol of freedom.What is the main idea of the paragraph?
Many people visit the statue of liberty
Not every champion quarterback has to stand taller than six feet. Russell Wilson is proof of this. What he lacks in height he makes up for with speed, agility and an ability for spotting open passing lanes. Combined with a strong arm, an ability to avoid trouble spots, and a commitment to preparation puts him at the same level as the best passers in the NFL.
What is one thing we can learn from Russell Wilson?
never give up,
practice makes perfect,
etc.
The dark clouds above added a gloomy tone to the beach. All of a sudden, a man disappeared underneath the waves. People started running out of the water while some ran straight towards where he had gone under. Faint screams could be heard from the water as the man was pulled to the beach.
What do you think happened?
a shark attack, someone almost drowned
Barry liked playing board games, but he hated losing. He hated losing so much that he would do whatever it took to win, even bending or breaking the rules. He'd steal money from the bank and hide it under the couch cushions. He'd skip spaces while he was moving around the board. He'd shortchange others money that they were owed and argue with them about it. Barry's techniques were effective. He did win most of the games that he played, but the people whom he played with were his friends and family, and it didn't take too long until they caught on to Barry's tricks. They tried to tell Barry to stop cheating. They said that the game wasn't any fun when he cheated, but he didn't listen. He continued with his treacherous style of gameplay, until nobody would play with him anymore. Barry may have won a lot of games, but at what cost?
What is the theme of the story?
Always be honest,
maintain integrity
winning isn't everything
Cameron Jerrell Newton was born on May 11th, 1989 in Savannah, Georgia. His parents, Cecil and Jackie, nicknamed the younger of their two boys, Cam. Cam struggled with his academics at Seaborn Lee Elementary School and at Camp Creek Middle School, but his parents refused to let him fall on his face when it came to his school work. Later on, Cam enrolled at the University of Florida to play for Urban Meyer, but was back up to Tim Tebow. Cam Newton had his fair share of adversity growing up. However, he is a successful NFL quarterback and advocate for children because he persevered and learned from his mistakes.
Summarize the paragraph above.
Cam newton grew up in Savannah, Georgia and struggled academically through elementary and middle school. When he was older, he enrolled into college and eventually made it to the NFL.
The United States Women's National Team proved again why they are the greatest in the world. They recently won the World Cup final for the second time in a row. Megan Rapinoe also won the golden boot award for having scored the most goals in the World Cup. While the USWNT is successful for many reasons, these are just a few.
What is the concluding sentence of the paragraph above?
The last sentence; while the...
All About Dogs
There are more than 150 dog breeds, divided into 8 classes: sporting, hound, working, terrier, toy, non-sporting, herding, and miscellaneous. According to a recent survey, the most popular name for a dog is Max. Other popular names include Molly, Sam, Zach, and Maggie. The top five favorite breeds of dogs in the US are: Labrador Retriever, Golden Retriever, German Shepherd, Beagle, and Dachshund. Dogs can vary in size from a 36 inch (150+ lb.) Great Dane to a 2 lb. Chihuahua.
What is the main idea of the paragraph? How do we know?
Main idea: all about dogs
Title, various details
Where should we include the most important detail in our paragraph?
the last detail, before the concluding sentence, etc.
As a young boy, Russell wanted to spend every moment he could playing sports with his older brother, the favorite sport being basketball. Because Russell was younger and a bit smaller than Harry, he would get beat and try to complain to his mother. Her response was always, “If you can’t handle it, maybe you should stay inside.” This response motivated Russell and he would head back outside to take on his brother in another pick-up game.
What can we infer about Russell from this passage above?
dedicated, motivated, never gives up, puts in his best effort, competitive, he likes to be challenged
Once there was a mean little boy who lived in a small village. This mean little boy loved to mess with people, so one day he ran up to a sheep herder and shouted, “WOLF! WOLF! A wolf is attacking the town!” The sheep herder grabbed his staff and ran to defend the town, but realized he had been fooled when the boy started pointing and laughing at him. “Ha ha! I made you jump,” said the boy. Then the boy ran up to a farmer and shouted, “WOLF! WOLF! A wolf is attacking the town!” The farmer grabbed his pitchfork and ran to defend the town, but when the boy started pointing and laughing at him, he realized he had been tricked. As the boy went back to his family’s farm laughing about the funny trick he played, he saw a real wolf in his father’s chicken coop. As the wolf ate all of his father’s chickens, the boy screamed over and over again, “WOLF! WOLF! Please help us!” But nobody came to help him.
What is the theme of the passage? What are two details that support the theme?
Theme: honesty is best policy, don't play tricks on those around you, if you lie people won't trust you
details: the boy played tricks and lost trust, nobody came to help the boy at the end, etc.
Born March 24, 1976 in New Orleans, Louisiana, Peyton Manning was born with football flowing through his veins. His dad, Archie Manning, was also an NFL quarterback who played for the New Orleans Saints, Houston Oilers, and Minnesota Vikings during his thirteen year NFL career. The middle son of three boys, Peyton proved himself to be a fierce competitor in through early childhood and into high school. As the team’s quarterback at Isidore Newman High School, Peyton led the football team to a 34-5 record. He threw for more than 7,000 yards, and was considered the nation’s number one football recruit his senior year of high school in 1993.
Write a summary of the paragraph above.
Peyton Manning grew up in a family of football players. He was a fierce competitor in high school and was considered one of the number one football recruits in his senior year of high school.
Read the following passage:
Even though Kevin always worked hard, he realized he was going to have to work harder than he ever had before. In high school and colleges, Kevin ate a lot of chicken wings, candy, and oatmeal pies. So he started eating healthier meals at the team's practice gym. Coaches taught Kevin how to eat better so that he would get stronger. He started arriving at practice 90 minutes early so he could shoot 100 times before practice started. He spent almost all of his time at the practice gym so he could have more time to study and life weights. Teammates and coaches were amazed at Kevin's dedication to helping his team improve, especially since he was so young.
Using the RACE strategy, answer the following question. What were some actions Kevin took to improve his game?
Restate: some actions he took were..
Answer: ate healthier, arrived earlier, time in gym and lifting weights
Cite: in this paragraph...
Explain: this is important because it shows how kevin wanted to improve his skills
ALBANY, New York — Former UCLA gymnast Katelyn Ohashi will perform in the inaugural Aurora Games. The event is an all-women's sports and entertainment festival.
It's the first professional competition for the 22-year-old Ohashi, who finished college with 11 perfect 10s. She helped UCLA win the 2018 NCAA team championship, when she was co-national champion in floor exercise.
She graduated from UCLA in June, six months after one of her routines went viral.
"I'm excited to be participating in the Aurora Games," Ohashi said in a statement. "To be a part of an event that was named after a Roman goddess and celebrates women in sports is definitely something I wholeheartedly support."
The Aurora Games will be held August 20-25 in Albany, New York. The games will feature 150 world-class athletes. Many are Olympic medalists and national champions. They'll compete in tennis, basketball, ice hockey, figure skating and beach volleyball.
What is the main idea of the passage? Give 2 details to support your answer.
Gymnast Ohashi will perform in Aurora games
Details: first pro competition, her talking about being excited to participate, aurora games held in albany new york, etc.
What are the steps we take to find the main idea of a passage?
1. Identify the topic
2. Identify what the author wants to teach us about the topic through repeated ideas and what the author thinks is important
3. find the central idea