Vocabulary
What does the word predict mean based on this sentence: "We can predict the weather by looking at the clouds"?
To make a guess about what will happen next.
Passage:
Liam looked out the window and saw the sky turning gray. He grabbed his jacket and told his mom, “I think it’s going to rain. I’m going to bring my umbrella just in case.”
Question:
What clue helps Liam decide to bring an umbrella
The sky turning gray told him it might rain.
What is the author’s purpose in a poem about a dragon who dances in the clouds?
To entertain.
First, Mia washed the strawberries. Next, she cut them into slices. Then, she placed them in a bowl and added sugar. Finally, she served them with whipped cream.
Question:
What is the text structure?
Chronological or sequence – the events happen in order.
What is the noun in this sentence: “The dog barked loudly”?
Dog
What is a synonym for “happy”?
Joyful, cheerful, glad.
Passage:
Recycling helps protect the environment. When people recycle plastic, paper, and glass, those items can be turned into something new instead of going to a landfill. This helps reduce trash and save resources.
Question:
What is the main idea of the passage?
Recycling helps protect the environment by reducing trash and saving resources.
To make a peanut butter and jelly sandwich, first spread peanut butter on one slice of bread. Then spread jelly on the other slice. Press the two slices together, cut the sandwich in half, and enjoy!
Question:
What is the author’s purpose?
To inform or teach how to make something.
Lions and tigers are both big cats. They are strong and have sharp teeth. However, lions live in groups called prides, while tigers usually live alone.
Question:
What text structure is used, and how do you know?
Compare and contrast – the passage shows how lions and tigers are similar and different.
Which sentence is punctuated correctly? A) I like apples oranges and grapes. B) I like apples, oranges, and grapes.
B: I like apples, oranges, and grapes.
What does “cautiously” mean in: “She walked cautiously down the hallway”?
Carefully or with caution.
Passage:
Tyra tiptoed down the hallway, holding her shoes in her hands. The house was silent, and she didn’t want to wake anyone. She glanced back at the clock—it was already 11:45 p.m. With a small smile, she slipped out the front door.
Question:
What can you infer about why Tyra is sneaking out?
She’s leaving late at night without permission and doesn’t want to be caught.
Wearing a helmet when you ride a bike is very important. Helmets protect your head in case you fall. Every year, thousands of kids are injured while biking. You should always wear a helmet—it can save your life!
Question:
What is the author’s purpose, and what clues help you know?
To persuade. Clues: “very important,” “can save your life,” and the strong opinion about helmet safety.
Our classroom was too hot every afternoon, and it made it hard to concentrate. We talked to our teacher, and she brought in a fan to cool the room. Now we can focus better during lessons.
Question:
What is the text structure, and what is the problem?
Problem and solution – the room was too hot (problem), and the teacher brought a fan (solution).
Which sentence uses a prepositional phrase correctly? "He ran ___ the hill." A) quickly B) above C) over
C. over
What does “reluctantly” mean in: “He reluctantly handed over the toy”?
He didn’t want to give it up.
Passage:
As the wind howled, Marco tightened his grip on the rope. The rock wall was steep, but he had trained for this climb for months. With one more pull, he reached the top and smiled proudly.
Question:
What evidence shows that Marco is brave?
He climbs a steep rock wall in strong wind and keeps going despite the danger.
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Question:
What is the author’s purpose, and what words help you figure it out?
To persuade. Words like “Order now,” “Don’t miss out,” “perfect for kids,” and “free helmet” show it’s trying to sell a product.
When too much rain falls, the river can overflow. This causes flooding, which damages homes and roads. Afterward, communities must spend time and money cleaning up and fixing what was ruined.
Question:
What is the text structure, and what are two cause-and-effect relationships?
Cause and effect – Too much rain causes the river to flood; flooding causes damage that requires cleanup.
Choose the correct form: “The dogs (run/runs) in the yard.”
run
Define “defiant” in: “The defiant child crossed his arms and refused to move.”
Stubborn, refusing to follow directions.
Passage:
Forests are home to many plants and animals. Sadly, some forests are being cut down to make space for buildings and farms. This is called deforestation. When forests disappear, animals lose their homes, and the air becomes less clean. People around the world are working on solutions, like planting trees and protecting forest land.
Question:
Summarize the passage in one sentence using key details.
Deforestation harms the environment, but people are working to fix it by planting trees and protecting forests.
Many people enjoy watching birds in their backyards. Birds are important to nature because they help spread seeds and eat insects. You can attract birds by setting up a feeder and birdbath. Watching them can be relaxing and fun. So why not give birdwatching a try?
Question:
How does the author use both inform and persuade in the same passage?
The author informs by explaining how birds help nature and how to attract them. The author persuades by encouraging the reader to try birdwatching ("why not give birdwatching a try?").
Volcanoes form when magma from deep inside the Earth erupts through the surface. This can create mountains and islands. Some volcanoes erupt often, while others are dormant for hundreds of years. Understanding volcanoes helps scientists warn people who live nearby.
Question:
What is the text structure, and how does it help readers understand the topic?
Descriptive (with some cause and effect). The structure helps readers understand what volcanoes are, how they form, and why they’re important to study by providing detailed information.
Sentence 1 (Relative Pronoun):
The girl who won the race is my best friend.
Sentence 2 (Relative Adverb):
That was the summer when we learned how to swim.
Question:
Identify the relative pronoun and relative adverb, and explain what they do.
Relative pronoun: who – introduces more information about “the girl.”
Relative adverb: when – tells more about the time something happened.