Arthrokinematics
This is the direction of roll and slide at the humeroulnar joint during elbow flexion.
What is anterior/superior roll and superior slide?
This muscle is the most powerful elbow flexor due to its large cross-sec
What is the brachialis?
This overuse condition is commonly known as “tennis elbow” and involves pain at the lateral epicondyle.
What is lateral epicondylalgia?
A patient presents after a fall on an outstretched hand with an axial load, visible deformity at the elbow, and an absent radial pulse.
What is an elbow dislocation (likely posterior) with vascular compromise?
In full elbow flexion, these three landmarks form a triangle.
What are the medial epicondyle, lateral epicondyle, and olecranon process?
This is the roll and slide direction at the humeroradial joint during elbow extension.
What is posterior/inferior roll and inferior slide?
This muscle is most effective at elbow flexion when the forearm is in a neutral position.
What is the brachioradialis?
This fracture results from a fall on an outstretched hand and produces a “dinner fork” deformity.
What is a Colles’ fracture?
A patient reports hyperextension injury with deformity near the proximal ulna. A “false joint” is palpated, but the patient can still pronate and supinate with pain.
What is an olecranon fracture?
This structure forms a fibro-osseous ring that stabilizes the radial head at the proximal radioulnar joint.
What is the annular ligament?
This type of arthrokinematic motion occurs at the proximal radioulnar joint during pronation and supination.
What is spin of the radial head?
This muscle originates from the lateral epicondyle, is commonly involved in “tennis elbow,” and contributes to wrist extension.
What is the extensor carpi radialis brevis?
This condition occurs in children when longitudinal traction is applied to an extended, pronated arm, causing the radial head to slip.
What is proximal radial head dislocation(nursemaid’s elbow)?
An overhead athlete presents with insidious medial elbow pain, worsening with throwing. Findings include effusion, ecchymosis, limited AROM, decreased flexion strength, and a positive Tinel sign at the ulnar nerve.
What is a UCL injury with ulnar nerve involvement (valgus overload)?
This structure is the primary stabilizer of the distal radioulnar joint and occupies the ulnocarpal space.
What is the triangular fibrocartilage complex (TFCC)?
This is the roll and slide direction at the distal radioulnar joint during pronation (elbow at 90°).
What is medial/inferior roll and medial/inferior slide?
This nerve innervates the brachioradialis and allows elbow flexion in a neutral position; injury to it may also cause wrist drop.
What is the radial nerve?
This nerve condition occurs at the medial elbow, often producing tingling when the “funny bone” is hit and may lead to weakness in grip strength.
What is ulnar nerve neuropathy (cubital tunnel syndrome)?
A patient recently began playing racquet sports and reports lateral elbow pain, decreased grip strength, and pain with resisted wrist extension (especially eccentric).
What is lateral epicondylalgia (tennis elbow)?
During pronation, this describes the relationship between the radius and ulna.
What is the radius crossing over the ulna?
This mobilization direction would best improve elbow flexion at the humeroulnar joint if motion is restricted.
What is a superior glide of the ulna?
This is the insertion of the biceps brachii, allowing it to produce both elbow flexion and powerful supination.
What is the radial tuberosity?
This serious complication of supracondylar fractures involves ischemic necrosis of forearm muscles due to compromised blood flow.
What is Volkmann contracture?
A patient experiences a sudden eccentric load to a flexed elbow, reports a “pop,” swelling in the antecubital fossa, and demonstrates weakness in supination and flexion with a positive Hook test.
What is a distal biceps tendon rupture?
This condition involves increased pressure within the forearm compartments, leading to pain at rest, decreased pulse, and possible paralysis.
What is compartment syndrome?