Static Discharge
Positive vs. Negative vs. Neutral Objects
A positively charged object has more protons than electrons in the object, negative has majority of electrons, and neutral has equal numbers of protons and electrons.
Describe charging by fricition
Where two neutral objects rub together/come in contact, and there is a transfer of charges (one becomes positive, one becomes negative)
A series circuit only has one path for the electrons to flow through, whereas a parallel one has multiple paths.
What are conductors vs. insulators?
Conductors allow electrons to easily flow through, whereas insulators restrict, and do not allow the flow through easily.
A laptop has an adapter using 75 W, for 1 year constantly, with a unit price of 5.6 c/kwh.
$36.79
Definition of static electricity
Static electricity is an imbalance of subatomic particles and charges on the surface of an object.
Describe charging by conduction
What is conventional current vs. electron flow?
Conventional current describes how current actually flows from the positive to negative sides of a battery. Whereas the electron flow actually flows from negative to positive sides.
What is current electricity vs. static electricity?
Current electricity allows the active flow of electrons to pass through, with a steady flow, static is not necessarily moving, with an unpredictable path.
What is the voltage drop of a series circuit with a 6V battery, and three loads? (identical)
What is induced charged separation?
Where a charged object comes near, and causes the electrons to either repel or attract to the surface.
Describe charging by induction
The charging of a neutral object by bringing a charged an object close to it, not touching. This causes an induced charged separation.
Composition of a battery
This includes some chemical solution where the parts of the battery sit in. There are 2 electrodes, an anode which is negative, and a cathode which is positive.
AC vs. DC Current
Alternating current uses an outlet, usually rotating or pumping. Versus direct current is usually a battery, with electrochemical solution.
A parallel circuit has three loads with a resistance of 6 ohms each, 6V, and amperage of 1 A. Total resistance.
The total resistance is 2 ohms.
What is electric discharge?
Electric discharge is the transfer of charge between a neutral and negative object.
Temporary vs. Permanent charging by induction
Temporarily includes an induced charge separation, whereas permanent requires you to ground the object, so it stays charged when removed.
What is Kirchhoff's Law of Current
States that the current going into the node of a circuit shall come out the same amount.
What and how does lightning occur?
An imbalance of charges on the surface or inside a cloud. Because of this, the charges transfer to the ground or between other clouds.
Input of 45 W, output of 2 W. Total efficiency?
4.4% efficiency
Explain how electric discharge works on an atomic level.
Electric discharge only happens when electrons move from one atom to another. With electron affinities, some objects tend to lose them quicker.
What are electron affinities, and how are they ordered on the electrostatic series?
Electron affinities are essentially the ability to hold onto their electrons. The top has lower electron affinities, and the bottom has higher electron affinities.
Kirchhoff's Law of Voltage
The sum of all electrical supplies shall equal the total source of voltage given.
Electric sparking vs. arcing.
Consumes 1.2 kJ of energy, efficiency of 75%. What is input energy?
625 J of energy is the input.