Basic Electricity
What is electricity?
Electricity is any phenomenon related to electric charges.
What is a material called if it allows electrons to flow easily?
A conductor.
What are the two types of electric current?
Direct current (DC) and alternating current (AC).
What are the four main components of an electric circuit?
Generators, terminals, control elements, and conductors.
What is the unit of electrical power?
Watts (W).
What are the three main particles in an atom?
Protons, neutrons, and electrons.
Give an example of a conductor.
Metal (e.g., copper, silver).
In which direction do electrons flow in direct current (DC)?
In one direction only.
What is the function of a generator in an electric circuit?
To provide energy.
What is the formula for electrical power?
P=V×I P = V times I.
What is the charge of a proton?
Positive (+).
What is a material called if it does not allow electrons to flow easily?
An insulator.
Where is direct current (DC) commonly used?
In batteries and portable devices.
What is the unit of electric current?
Amperes (A).
What is the Joule effect?
The production of heat due to the movement of electrons.
What is the charge of an electron?
Negative (-).
Give an example of an insulator.
Plastic, wood, or ceramic.
How does alternating current (AC) differ from direct current (DC)?
AC changes direction multiple times per second.
What does resistance do in an electric circuit?
It opposes the flow of electrons.
Why is the Joule effect beneficial in some appliances?
It helps generate heat in devices like toasters and heaters.
What happens when two negative charges come close?
They repel each other.
What happens when electrons move from one atom to another?
An electric current is created.
What type of current is supplied to homes through the electrical grid?
Alternating current (AC).
What is the formula for Ohm’s Law?
V=I×R V = I times R.
What is electrical efficiency?
The ratio of useful energy output to total energy input.