Show:
Potassium
Sodium
Magnesium & Chloride
Calcium & Phosphate
Clotting
100
Normal level for potassium
What is 3.5-5.0
100
normal level for sodium
What is 135-145
100
normal level of magnesium
What is 1.3-2.1
100
normal level of calcium and phosphate
What is calcium: 8.5-10.0, phosphate: 2.5-4.5
100
what is a normal PT time and what did it assess for
What is 10-15 seconds, and assesses for clotting ability
200
Potassium is involved in ________ for the body (a.k.a. plays a vital role in ________)
What is cell metabolism, cardiac and neuromuscular function, and contraction of smooth and skeletal muscle
200
Sodium plays a vital role in:
What is skeletal muscle contraction, cardiac contraction, nerve impulse transmission, normal osmolarity, volume of the ECF
200
normal level of chloride
What is 98-106
200
Explain procedure for Trosseau's and Chvostek's sign and explain implication for positive signs
What is trosseau’s sign: inflating blood pressure cuff to a point greater than systolic BP for 2-5 minutes (positive = carpal spasm) Chvostek’s sign: tapping finger in front of patient’s ear at angle of the jaw (positive = facial grimacing). positive signs means low calcium (hypocalcemia)
200
INR level in "normal" people and therapeutic level for those on anticoagulant therapy
What is 1-1.2 seconds in normal people, 2-3 seconds in those undergoing anticoagulant therapy
300
Causes of hypokalemia include:
What is vomiting, NG suctioning, diarrhea, diuretics, inadequate intake
300
These manifestations are linked to what condition: Weight loss, anxiety, headache, lethargy, stupor, coma, N/V/D, hypotension, shock.
What is hyponatremia
300
this electrolyte is mainly obtained through the diet
What is magnesium
300
calcium is controlled by what organ/hormone
What is thyroid & parathyroid hormone, and calcitonin
300
normal platelet levels, and what you should assess if there is an imbalance
What is 150,000-400,000; assess incision sites, drainage tubes, hematomas...
400
Manifestations of hyperkalemia:
What is Thirst, decreased urine output, dry skin and mucous membranes, headache, restlessness, seizures, coma, tachycardia, weak and thready pulse, decreased blood pressure, ECG changes (wide QRS, tall tented T-wave, prolonged PR interval)
400
Nursing implications for imbalance of sodium
What is Monitor Na+ level and I&O Assess for peripheral edema
400
imbalances of this electrolyte usually are caused by other electrolyte imbalances
What is chloride
400
Phosphate is essential for what process in the body
What is ATP production (for muscle contraction, nerve cell transmission, and electrolyte transport)
400
normal PTT
What is <35 seconds
500
Main intervention for hyperkalemia
What is kayexalate
500
Most serious effect that hypernatremia can have on the body
What is brain damage (the brain can shrink as water is drawn out of it)
500
manifestations of hypomagnesemia
What is Changes in personality, nystagmus, positive Babinski, Chvostek’s, and Trousseau signs, hypertension, tachycardia, cardiac dysrhythmias
500
these manifestations are linked to what electrolyte imbalance (name the imbalance): Confusion, stupor, joint stiffness, bleeding disorders, impaired white blood cell function, seizures, bone pain
What is Hypophosphatemia
500
main reason to evaluate these labs (PT, INR, platelets)
What is imbalances can lead to bleeding, too much clotting, DVT, PE...