Valence Electrons
Ionic Bonds
Covalent Bonds
Metallic Bonds
Vocabulary
Miscellaneous
100
What are valence electrons?
The number of electrons in the outermost ring of an atom.
100
What kind of atoms form ionic bonds?
Positive and negative ions
100
When are covalent bonds formed?
When two atoms share electrons
100
In what class of elements are metallic bonds formed?
Metals
100
What is chemical bonding?
the joining of atoms to form new substances
100
This occurs when substances undergo chemical changes
Bonds between atoms are broken and new bonds are formed.
200
How many valence electrons are in groups 3 to 12?
1 or 2 valence electrons
200
How do you form a positive ion?
Lose an electron
200
Electron-dot diagrams show what?
Number of valence electrons an atom has
200
What type of bond is similar to metallic bonds?
Covalent bonds because they both share electrons.
200
What is a chemical bond?
force of attraction that holds the atoms together
200
A student is investigating an ionic compound. Which property should the student expect to observe?
The compound should conduct electricity when placed in water
300
What can valence electrons determine?
Whether an atom will bond with another atom.
300
If you gain electrons, what charge will the ion have?
Negative
300
What types of chemical bonds are weak?
Covalent bonds
300
What is the movement of the atoms in metallic bonds?
They are free to move around the atom.
300
What is ductility?
the ability to be drawn into wires
300
Based on the type of bonding shown, which term best describes a unit of carbon dioxide?
molecule
400
If an atom has five valence electrons, how many valence electrons will the atom it bonds with have?
3
400
What class of elements form ionic bonds?
Metals (positive) and nonmetals (negative)
400
What are the characteristics of covalent bonds?
Brittle in solid state, and low melting and boiling points
400
How is a metallic bond formed?
A metallic bond is formed by the attraction between positive metal ions and the electrons in the metal.
400
What is malleability?
the ability to be rolled or pounded
400
This pair of elements, carbon and fluorine is most likely to form a _______________.
Covalent bond.
500
How many valence electrons do halogens have?
7
500
What are the characteristics of ionic bonds?
They are hard, brittle, and have high melting and boiling points.
500
When a group of atoms is held together by covalent bonds; it becomes a_________.
How do you form a molecule?
500
What properties do metallic bonds give metals?
Electrical conductivity, ductility, and malleability.
500
What is a crystal lattice?
the regular pattern in which a crystal is arranged
500
This occurs when a sodium atom forms a positively charged sodium ion.
The atom loses one electron
600
A student is using colored spheres to represent atoms in a model. In which situation would this type of model be most useful?
Representing atoms in a substance in the human body
600
This occurs when substances undergo chemical changes.
Bonds between atoms are broken and new bonds are formed.
600
To draw a Bohr model of the element carbon, how would you arrange the dots that represent electrons?
They would be in rings around the nucleus
600
Why do Sodium atoms readily form bonds with other atoms?
Sodium atoms need to give up only one electron to become stable.
600
The following image shows a section of the periodic table of the elements.
Each atom of sulfur (S) has 6 valence electrons. Which of these elements also has 6 valence electrons?
oxygen (O
600
One Carbon and two oxygen atoms are rearranged to form this new substance. (CO?)
CO2
700
Which property makes metals good conductors of electricity?
The electrons in a metal can move freely.
700
A student is investigating an ionic compound. Which property should the student expect to observe?
The compound should conduct electricity when placed in water.
700
The following occurs when a sodium atom forms a positively charged sodium ion?
The atom loses one electron?
700
Which of the pairs of elements is a covalent bond most likely to form?
carbon and fluorine
700
The diagram below represents carbon dioxide.
Based on the type of bonding shown, which term best describes a unit of carbon dioxide?
molecule
700
The number of electrons that can be held in the 4th shell.
18 electrons.