Matter & Elements
What is anything that has mass and takes up space?
Matter
What is formed when two or more different elements chemically bond?
compound
What is an atom that has a positive or negative charge called?
ion
Chemical bonds form between atoms because of the interaction of what
Valence electrons
What organelle in plant cells perform photosynthesis?
Chloroplasts
What is matter in its simplest form?
element
What do we call a group of two or more atoms held together by chemical bonds?
molecule
What type of ion forms when an atom loses electrons?
cation (or positive ion)
What kind of bond forms when electrons are shared between atoms?
Covalent bond
What is the largest organ in the human body?
The skin
What is the smallest form of an element that still displays its particular properties?
atom
True or false - all molecules are also compounds
false (some, Like O2, are not compounds)
What type of ion forms when an atom gains electrons?
anion (or negative ion)
What kind of bond forms when electrons are transferred from one atom to another?
Ionic bond
What is the innermost layer of the Earth called?
Inner core
What are the two main parts of an atom?
A nucleus (protons and neutrons) and an electron cloud (electrons)
What holds the atoms in a molecule together?
chemical bond
Why does a cation (positive ion) have a positive charge?
it has more protons than electrons (because it lost electrons)
Who is the fictional British secret service agent, better known as 007?
James Bond
What is the name of the supercontinent that existed 175 million years ago prior to continental drift?
Pangea
What kind of charge does an atom have if it contains an equal number of protons and electrons?
neutral
Give an example of each:
- Element
- Compound
- Molecule
Element: O2, H2, Li2
Compound: HCl, H2O, C6H12O6
Molecule: N2, CO2, KPO4
Why does an anion (negative ion) have a negative charge?
it has more electrons than protons (because it gained electrons)
Covalent bonds are formed between what two types of elements?
Two nonmetals
What is the official national animal of Scotland?