Elimination 1
Rapid loss of renal function resulting in build up of fluid, waste and electrolyte imbalance.
Acute Kidney Injury
Progressive and irreversible kidney damage
Chronic Kidney Disease/Chronic Kidney Failure
Hardening of renal arteries
Nephrosclerosis
Therapy used when the kidneys fail to filtrate, reabsorb and secrete.
Dialysis/Renal Replacement Therapy
Role of diuretics in the treatment of AKI
remove retained fluid from the body
Prerenal causes of AKI (name 3)
(Hypovolemia) MI, Heart failure, Hemorrhage, Dehydration, Burns
Involves removing a kidney from a living or deceased donor and giving it to a recipient who no longer has renal function.
Kidney Transplant
Inflammation of the glomerular capillaries
Glomerulonephritis
procedure during which a patient’s blood is circulated through a dialyzer to remove waste products and excess fluid
Hemodialysis
Acid-base imbalance associated with acute kidney injury
metabolic acidosis
Intrarenal causes of AKI (name 3)
Nephrotoxic meds: NSAIDS, Antibiotics, Chemo. Contrast dye
Infection of glomerulus
Injury
Elevated levels indicate underlying kidney disease
Serum creatinine
Type of acute glomerulonephritis characterized by hematuria and pus in the urine along with variable proteinuria.
acute nephritic syndrome
Procedure that uses the lining of the patient’s peritoneal cavity, the peritoneal membrane, as the semipermeable membrane for exchange of fluid and solutes
Peritoneal Dialysis
name two meds given to clients in acute renal failure who have an elevated potassium with ECG changes
Dextrose & insulin
Postrenal causes of AKI (name 3)
○Renal calculi
○Enlarged prostate
○CVA
Results when the kidneys cannot remove the body’s metabolic wastes or perform their regulatory functions (name the stage)
Stage 5
type of kidney disease characterized by increased glomerular permeability; manifested by massive proteinuria.
Nephrotic Syndrome
2 priority actions related to AV fistula assessment
Auscultate for a bruit, palpate a thrill
Lab test used in staging chronic kidney disease
GFR
Four phases of AKI
initiation, oliguria, diuresis, and recovery.
Two diseases that cause approximately 70% of cases of CKD
Diabetes and Hypertension
Results from repeated episodes of acute nephritic syndrome or hypertensive nephrosclerosis that causes the kidney to shrink in size
Chronic Nephritic Syndrome
Method used to replace normal kidney function in patients who are hemodynamically unstable by circulating the patient’s blood through a hemofilter and returning it to the patient
Continuous Renal Replacement Therapy (CRRT)
The most immediate life-threatening imbalance seen in AKI.
Hyperkalemia