Pulmonary
When does the pulmonary system begin to form?
4th week
Which arch degenerates in vessel formation?
5th
What does cartilage develop from?
mesenchyme
All muscle tissue is developed by mesoderm except what structure?
Iris of the eye
When can upper and lower limb segments be distinguished?
after the 6th week
Cartilage and other connective tissues are derived from what?
When are Angioblastic cords are canalized during the formation of the endocardial heart tube?
late 3rd week
Mesenchymal models of most limb bones are FIRST transformed into ...
cartilage models
What type of muscle cells predominate earlier development?
Type I (Slow twitch oxidative)
The upper extremity forms at what spinal levels?
C5-C8
What is the lining of conducting tubes of the respiratory system derived from? Specifically, what groove?
endoderm
laryngeal groove
Holes in septum primum coalesce to form...
foramen secumdum
Describe what the bone matrix consists of.
collagen fibrils embedded in amorphous component
What are myotubes?
Limb muscles are formed by what type of mesoderm?
somatic mesoderm
What are 3 factors needed for functioning lungs?
ventilation, circulation, diffusion
All three main vessel systems(Umbilical, vitelline, cardinal) drain into ____ and then into the ____
sinus horns
primitive heart
Intraembryonic mesoderm differentiates into what 3 structures?
lateral plate mesoderm
intermediate mesoderm
paraxial mesoderm
Not all muscle fibers are created equal. Dr. Newton mentions what 2 main differences between muscle fibers?
cross-bridge cycling (Twitch)
AND
primary method of ATP production (Metabolism)
A limb bud consists of...
mesenchymal core covered by an ectodermal cap
Mesenchyme associated with the foregut at vertebral levels L1-L3 condense to from what 2 muscular bands?
right and left cura
Folding of embryo during fourth week does what two things?
Places the heart in the thorax.
Brings the lateral heart tubes to the center to fuse to form one endocardial tube.
ventromedial become sclerotome- vertebra and ribs
dorsolateral becomes dermomyotome- myoblast and dermatomes
The myoblasts of the head and neck have what type of development? (Where do they originate?)
neural crest and myoblast from pharyngeal arches, prechordal plate and somitomeres
skeletal elements of the limbs develop from what?
columns like mesenchymal condensations along the long axis of the limb