Periods of Prenatal Development
This period spans the 2nd to 8th week of prenatal development.
What is the Embryonic Period?
This structure consists of two layers: the epiblast and hypoblast layers.
What is the bilaminar embryonic disc.
Name the 5 facial process involved in embryonic development.
What are the frontonasal, maxillary, and mandibular processes?
This pharyngeal (branchial) arch is also the mandibular arch.
What is the first pharyngeal (branchial) arch?
Name the period of prenatal development during which Down Syndrome occurs.
What is the preimplantation period?
The oral pit 1st appears in what week when the neural plate bends ventrally as neural folds develop to form the forebrain.
What is the 4th week?
Name the three layers of the trilaminar embryonic disc.
What is the ectoderm, mesoderm, and endoderm?
This structure will give rise to the future oral cavity.
What is the stomodeum?
Name the second pharyngeal (branchial) arch.
What is the hyoid arch?
This disturbance is due to the failure of fusion of the maxillary process with the medial nasal process.
What is cleft lip?
This landmark initially separates the primitive oral cavity and the pharyngeal cavities.
What is the buccopharyngeal membrane?
Name the specialized group of differentiated cells that are derived from ectoderm and localized to the neural plate.
What is the neural crest cells?
Name the connective tissue that is involved with the development of the head and neck only.
What is ectomesenchyme?
The fourth and sixth pharygeal (branchial) arches are innervated by this cranial nerve.
What is the tenth (vagus) nerve?
This teratogen is associated with Hutchinson Incisor and Mulberry Molar.
What is syphilis?
This process forms the cheeks.
What is the maxillary arch?
This structure is formed by the neural folds undergoing fusion.
What is the neural tube?
Name the cartilage that forms within each side of the mandibular arch.
What is Meckel Cartilage?
This pharyngeal (branchial) groove gives rise to the external auditory canal.
What is the first pharyngeal (branchial) groove?
This slowly enlarging, painless swelling is due to the lack of obliteration of the second pharyngeal (branchial) grooves.
What is branchial cleft cyst?
This arch forms the mandible and the associated blood supply, nerves, and muscles of mastication.
What is the 2nd arch?
Name the cells that create the fourth embryonic layer.
What are neural crest cells?
These structures are rounded areas of specialized thickened ectoderm found at the location of developing special sense organs.
What are placodes? (like nasal placodes)
Name the cartilage associated with the hyoid arch.
What is Reichert cartilage?
This developmental disturbance occurs when high levels of ethanol are ingested by a pregnant woman during the embryonic period.
What is fetal alcohol syndrome?