Social Classes
What class made up 5% of the population but controlled 30-40% of wealth?
Upper Class
What was the primary role of women in the 1800s?
Caring for the family
How many immigrants arrived in the U.S. from 1880 to 1920?
Over 20 million
What was the purpose of mandatory schooling for children aged 6 to 12 introduced in the late 1800s?
To create educated workers
Who were notable authors in naturalistic literature addressing social issues?
Henrik Ibsen, Émile Zola, Charles Dickens
Who were the primary wage earners in traditional families during the 1800s?
Men
The Women's Social and Political Union was founded by whom?
Emmeline Pankhurst
Which groups primarily made up the majority of immigrants during this period?
Central, eastern, and southern Europeans
Which demographic predominantly made up the teaching workforce?
Women
What art movement began in the 1870s emphasizing direct nature painting?
Impressionism
Which class consisted of nearly 80% of the population and worked primarily in factories?
Working Class
What major societal change began to reshape traditional gender roles during the Second Industrial Revolution?
Increased job opportunities for women
What were some reasons for immigration to the U.S.?
Poverty, war, religious persecution
What types of leisure activities became popular during industrialization?
Amusement parks, dance halls, organized sports
What was the significant achievement of Albert Einstein?
The Special Theory of Relativity
The Upper-Middle Class included which professions?
Lawyers, doctors, business managers, engineers
In which year did women in Great Britain gain some property rights?
1870
Immigrants worked under what types of conditions?
Low wages and harsh conditions
Why was public education emphasized during the Second Industrial Revolution?
To meet the needs for trained, skilled workers
Which composer’s work, The Rite of Spring, caused a riot at its premiere?
Igor Stravinsky
Samuel Smiles argued that poverty was a result of what?
Irresponsible habits
What movement aimed for women's suffrage and full citizenship rights?
Suffrage Movement
How did immigrants influence urban culture in the U.S.?
Through native-language newspapers, social clubs, and churches
How did class disparities affect access to leisure activities?
Upper and middle classes had greater access compared to lower classes.
What movement aimed to connect art directly to the soul, often avoiding visual reality?
Abstract Art