World Religions
Which religion teaches the Four Noble Truths, the Eightfold Path, and seeks nirvana?
What is Buddhism?
Who called for the very first Crusade at the Council of Clermont?
Who is Pope Urban II?
Which West African empire became extremely wealthy through control of the Gold and Salt trade?
What is the Mali Empire?
In which Italian city did the Renaissance begin?
What is Florence?
What name is given to the overland route linking China to the Mediterranean?
What are the Silk Roads?
Name the monotheistic religion whose sacred text is the Torah.
What is Judaism?
Name ONE economic effect of the Crusades on Italian city-states.
What is growth of trade & wealth from transporting foods and supplies?
Who was the famous Emperor of the Mali empire that made a lavish Hajj to Mecca in 1324-25?
Who is Mansa Musa?
Name one invention that spread ideas faster across Europe.
Which maritime trade network connected East Africa, India, and Southeast Asia?
What is Indian Ocean Trade?
Which religions Five Pillars include: Shahada, Salah, Zakat, Sawm, and Hajj?
What is Islam?
What was the major motivation for many Crusaders to go fight?
What is forgiveness for sins/indulgences?
Name two administrative or economic reforms that Askia the Great implemented in Songhai.
1. Division into provinces with governors
2. Standardized weights/measures
3. Central bureaucracy
4. Policing trade routes
5. Organized tax system
What intellectual movement emphasized individual potential, classical learning, and reconciliation of classical thought with Christianity?
Name one technological advance that improved long distance sea navigation in this period.
Answers can include: Lateen sails, astrolabe, magnetic compass, sternpost rudder, caravel design, portolan charts.
Explain ONE major difference between Universalizing religions and Ethnic religions.
Universalizing--Actively seeks converts, ex. Christianity or Islam
Ethnic--Tied to a particular people/region & born into it, ex. Hinduism
Name two long-term political effects of the Crusades on European Feudal structure.
1. Weakened nobility
2. Strengthened monarchies
3. Disruption of feudal obligations
4. Increased centralization
(2 out of 4)
List two features of Mongol rule that promoted trade and communication across Eurasia.
1. Pax Mongolica (security)
2. Standardization of weights/measures
3. Road markers
4. Postal system (Yam)
5. Tolerance and encouraging merchant activity
Identify the artists that painted the following works:
1. The Last Supper
2. Sistine Chapel Ceiling
Who are Leonardo da Vinci and Michelangelo?
What was the Columbian Exchange? List one positive impact and one negative impact.
What was the biological and cultural exchange between Old and New Worlds after 1492.
Positive: new crops & improved diets in Europe
Negative: spread of disease to native populations
Describe how Buddhism and Hinduism differed in appeal to lower castes in South Asia during the Medieval period?
Why did Buddhism rejected the rigid caste hierarchy that emphasized a personal path to enlightenment that attracted lower casts, and Hinduism reinforced the caste structure?
Contrast the outcome of the First Crusade with that of the later Crusades.
Why did the First Crusade capture the Holy Land (Jerusalem) and establish crusader states, while later crusades had limited lasting success and could not secure long-term Christian control?
Compare the Ottoman millet system and the devshirme--what each of them was and how they structured Ottoman society.
Millet System: autonomous religious communities (Jews, Christians) and they were allowed self rule under their laws
Devshirme: Christian boys recruited, converted, and trained as Janissary soldiers or administrators that were loyal to the Sultan
How did the fall of Constantinople contributed to the Renaissance in Italy?
Greek scholars fled west with Greek and Roman manuscripts, which helped spark rediscovery of classical learning and fueling Humanism.
Describe how the Mongol Empire affected Afro-Eurasian trade networks and cultural exchange.
How did it stabilize and secure Silk Road trade, promote transmission of ideas/technology, increase merchant travel and pilgrimages, and allowed for travelers like Marco Polo and Ibn Battuta to circulate accounts.