Burns
Initial treatment for minor burns (3 steps)
1) Stop the burn with tepid water
2) Cover with a clean nonadhesive bandage
3) Give pain medication (ibuprofen/ acetaminophen)
Most Common head injury
concussion
Priority assessment for a drowning pt
Respiratory assessment
The most common type of seizure
Febrile seizure
Isolation precaution
Droplet, until 24 hours of antibiotics are given
Topicals for major burns (2)
1) bacitracin
2) silver sulfadiazine
Scale to measure LOC
Glasgow Coma Scale
within the first hour of Acetylsalicylic Acid poisoning what should take place
gastric lavage
Diagnostic Procedures for seizures
An EEG/MRI/LP/CT
Nursing management
Head circumference checks, reduce stimulation, reduce temperature
What is hydrotherapy, and when is it done?
Cleanses burn and separates eschar, done 1-2x/day
Epidural vs Subdural Hematoma
epidural: rapidly expanding with arterial blood
subdural: slowly expanding with venous blood
Main medications for Anaphylaxis
Epinephrine, Diphenhydramine,
corticosteroids for late onset reactions
First-line medication used for febrile seizures
Phenobarbital (esp. for children under 18 months)
Risk factors for infection
Any fever/illness during pregnancy/around delivery; neurosurgical procedure or head trauma; presence of a foreign body; unvaccinated
Restore circulatory volume with Crystalloid IV fluids.
Typical bruising of a basilar fracture
Around the eyes (raccoon eyes) and behind the ears.
Poisoning initial management
Terminate the exposure
• Empty mouth of pills or whatever substance
• Flush eyes or skin
• Remove contaminated clothes
Name key safety precautions for seizures
Padding side rails, suction at bedside, provide O2, IV access, keep bed in the lowest position
Bacteria that most commonly caused meningitis in children
Haemophilus influenzae type b (before vaccination)
Two types of skin grafts
1) Allograft (Temporary)
2) Autograft (permanent)
HA, change in LOC, vomiting, increased BP, bradycardia, decreased RR, and changes in pupil reaction are all early signs of...
Increased ICP
Antidote for acetaminophen toxicity
N-Acetylcysteine
Amount of infantile spasm clusters a day
150
Severe symptoms of bacterial meningitis
Resting in opisthotonic position, bulging fontanel, positive Kernig and
Brudzinski signs