What age is that at?
At what age do self-conscious emotions show?
what is early childhood
emotions
Affective states--
the feelings, both physiological and psychological, that people have in response to events that are personally relevant to their needs and goals
Failure to develop empathy
Is associated with conduct problems in children: being aggressive at school, bullying others, destroying property, lying and stealing, breaking classroom rules, and being truant from school
hypothalamic–pituitary–adrenocortical (HPA) axis
empathy is formed
from infancy throughout elementary!
+50 if specific age + situation is given
- By the third year, children console injured age-mates by expressing sympathy through facial expressions and comforting words.
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. In their first months, infants cry reflexively at hearing others in distress
- At 6 months, they gesture to someone in distress,
- Between 8 and 12 months, they appear uncomfortable when another child is hurt
- In the second year, toddlers show empathic concern by patting a distressed friend on the face or back
empathy
What is the ability to recognize and share the feelings of another person
Insensitive, neglectful, or abusive parents increase risk of
What are insecure attachments and a blunted capacity for compassion? Without a capacity for emotional engagement, children are not likely to feel concerned about others.
pituitary
a pea-sized gland that sends instructions to other glands producing hormones
At what age does social referencing show?
self-conscious emotions
what is guilt, embarrassment, and pride
overloading HPA results in
What is trouble relaxing, live with a constant sense of dread, and remain ever alert to potential danger. Physical health issues.
adrenocortical glands
Small organs near each kidney produce cortisol. The release of cortisol mobilizes the child’s energy, suppresses the immune response, and arouses the cardiovascular system, effects that together prompt a focus on the threat and a quick reaction if necessary
Children begin to contemplate the nature and causes of emotions.
2 and 3 years old
emotional regulation
the ability to moderate affective states and change how they are experienced
Coping strategy of ruminating over a difficulty too long can result in
anxiety and depression
hypothalamus
What is an almond-sized structure in the brain involved with eating, sleeping, and maintaining body temperature
Children realize that they and others sometimes project misleading emotional expressions
middle childhood (9ish years old)
emotional contagion
What is Reflective emotions (When one starts crying, others join in)