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Pediatric Considerations
Interventions
Applicable Vitals/Definitions
Respiratory Anatomy
Respiratory Conditions
100
Pulling of the skin and soft tissue between the ribs when breathing. This is typically a sign of respiratory distress.
What is RETRACTIONS?
100

When performing artificial ventilations for an adult, you need to perform them at this rate using a BVM and with this flow rate (typically).

What is 10-12 ventilations per minute and 15L?

100

The stage of inadequate breathing that is characterized by a patient who has a respiratory problem but the body's compensatory mechanisms are meeting the increased demands. So far, the person simply has increased work of breathing and probably a sensation of "shortness of breath."

What is respiratory distress?

100
An active process that is part of breathing in which the diaphragm contracts.
What is inhalation?
100
This is a disease that is seen in both young and old patients that has episodic exacerbations of flares (it occurs at irregular intervals)....it does not produce a hypoxic drive. It can be life-threatening. Many patients that are diagnosed as having this carry a metered-dose inhaler. During an attack, bronchioles narrow and there is an overproduction of mucus and these results restrict airflow.
What is asthma?
200
A disease caused by a bacterial infection that often presents with a high fever, respiratory distress, and stridor. It causes swelling.
What is epiglottitis?
200

Any water-based lubricant (no petroleum).

What is the type of lubricant that must be used when applying an adjunct (nasopharyngeal)?

200
12-20 breath's per minute
What is the normal respiratory rate for an adult?
200
these are the three regions of the pharynx
What are oropharynx, nasopharynx, and laryngopharynx?
200

The diseases categorized by this title (such as emphysema and black lung) usually occur in older patients because they take time to develop. Usually these diseases are managed but the need for an ambulance occurs after one of these patients suffers a recent upper respiratory infection. The patient may have a fever and spit up a lot of mucus. The patients may have developed a hypoxic drive that MAY cause the patient to stop breathing when oxygen is administered.

What is COPD (chronic obstructive pulmonary disease)?

300

This is the normal rate of breathing for an infant.

What is 30-60 breaths/minute?

300

Unlike the inhaler which is used for only one breath, this produces a continuous flow of aerosolized medication that can be taken during multiple breaths over several minutes giving the patient a greater exposure to the medication. It is another method for disseminating the same types of medication as an inhaler.

What is a nebulizer?

300

A voice change that reflects narrowing of the upper airway passages. Often can appear and then increase in severity over the course of your assessment of a burn patient.

What is hoarseness?

300

The length of OPA that must be used. This is how it is measured.

What is measuring from the tip of the ear lobe to the corner of the mouth?

300

This is caused by an infection of one or both of the lungs. Common signs/symptoms are coughing, mucus, fever, chest pain, severe chills, shortness of breath, chest pain that is sharp and pleuritic (worsens on inhalation), headache, sweaty/pale skin, fatigue, confusion, etc. You may hear crackles when you auscultate. Depending on the stage this may not require hospitalization but can also be life threatening--especially to the chronically ill or elderly.

What is pneumonia?

400

This is the proper rate of artificial ventilations for an infant or child.

What is 20-30 ventilations per minute?

400

Keeps the tongue from blocking the airway, makes it easier to suction the oropharynx.

What is oropharyngeal airway?

400

When a patient has blue or grey skin lips, blood and vessels, and nail beds they have this condition.

What is cyanosis.

400

the microscopic sacs of the lungs where gas exchange with the bloodstream takes place.

What are the alveoli?

400

This is the name of the condition when something that is not blood--like a clot, air, or fat, gets trapped while trying to move through the blood vessels, it gets stuck and blocks an artery in the lungs.

What is a pulmonary embolism?

500
A group of viral illnesses that result in inflammation of the larynx, trachea, and bronchi. It often occurs at night and can follow a cold or other respiratory infection. Tissues in the upper airway become swollen and restrict the passage of air.
What is croup?
500

Flexible suction catheters that are designed to be used when rigid catheters are not able to be used. They are not very good at suctioning out vomit or thick secretions--only much easier fluids. They can be passed through adjuncts.

What is a French Tip Catheter?

500

This is when a lung collapses without injury or any other obvious cause. Often the patient has sharp pleuritic chest pain and shortness of breath....they may tire easily, be tachycardic, breath fast, and have low oxygen saturation. They may also be cyanotic.

What is a spontaneous pneumothorax?

500

this is a description of the cyclical exchange of blood between heart and the lungs that explains the flow of both oxygenated and deoxygenated blood.

What is: alveoli --> pulmonary vein --> heart (and body)--> pulmonary artery --> lungs

500

This is a genetic disease that appears in childhood. It causes thick, sticky mucus that accumulates in the lungs or digestive system. The mucus can cause life-threatening lung infections and serious problems with digestion. You may notice coughing, fatigue, frequent pneumonia, abdominal pain, coughing up blood, nausea, and weight loss.

What is cystic fibrosis?