Pharmacology #1
This medication for severe hypocalcemia or calcium channel blocker overdose is commonly administered at a dose of 1 gram IV.
What is calcium?
This medication improves cardiac contractility primarily by inhibiting the sodium-potassium ATPase pump.
What is digoxin?
This ECG interval represents the time required for conduction from the atria through the AV node to the ventricles.
What is the PR interval?
This extremity injury is characterized by pain with passive stretch and is considered one of the earliest signs of compartment syndrome.
What is compartment syndrome?
This endocrine emergency presents with hypotension, hyponatremia, hyperkalemia, and hypoglycemia.
What is an adrenal crisis?
This medication for severe asthma may be administered by nebulizer at a dose of 2.5 mg in adults.
What is albuterol?
This medication used for rapid sequence intubation can cause life-threatening hyperkalemia in patients with major burns, crush injuries, or neuromuscular disease.
What is succinylcholine?
This murmur is classically described as a harsh crescendo-decrescendo systolic murmur heard best at the right upper sternal border.
What is aortic stenosis?
This thoracic injury occurs when blunt trauma causes the heart to be compressed between the sternum and spine, frequently producing dysrhythmias and elevated cardiac biomarkers.
What is a myocardial contusion?
This toxidrome is characterized by dry skin, urinary retention, dilated pupils, and altered mental status.
What is an anticholinergic toxidrome?
This medication for severe agitation or excited delirium is commonly administered IM at a dose of 5 mg.
What is Haldol?
This analgesic provides pain control primarily through agonism of the mu-opioid receptor.
What is fentanyl?
This arrhythmia occurs when an ectopic atrial focus repeatedly fires at a rate faster than the SA node, producing abnormal P-wave morphology but a regular rhythm.
What is an ectopic atrial tachycardia?
This physical finding of bruising around the umbilicus may indicate significant intra-abdominal hemorrhage.
What is Cullen's sign?
This electrolyte abnormality is classically associated with carpopedal spasm and a positive Chvostek sign.
What is hypocalcemia?
This medication for unstable bradycardia may be infused at 2–10 mcg/min when transcutaneous pacing is unavailable or ineffective.
What is epinephrine?
This medication used for severe hypertension and aortic dissection reduces both heart rate and blood pressure by blocking beta-1 and beta-2 receptors.
What is esmolol?
This coronary artery is most commonly responsible for an anterior wall myocardial infarction.
What is the left anterior descending artery?
This type of pelvic fracture generally carries the lowest risk of major hemorrhage because the pelvic ring remains relatively stable.
What is a lateral compression fracture?
This diagnosis should be considered in an elderly patient with fever, altered mental status, and severe neck stiffness.
What is meningitis?
This medication for severe tricyclic antidepressant overdose is administered as repeated boluses until QRS narrowing and hemodynamic improvement occur.
What is sodium bicarbonate?
This antidysrhythmic prolongs repolarization by blocking potassium channels and is associated with pulmonary fibrosis and thyroid dysfunction.
What is amiodarone?
This mechanical complication of myocardial infarction can result in acute pulmonary edema and a new systolic murmur due to rupture of the papillary muscle.
What is acute mitral regurgitation?
This vascular injury is classically associated with rapid deceleration mechanisms and most commonly occurs just distal to the origin of the left subclavian artery.
What is a traumatic thoracic aortic injury (traumatic aortic transection)?
This diagnosis should be suspected in a patient with sudden dyspnea, hypotension, and electrical alternans after several days of viral symptoms.
What is pericardial tamponade secondary to a large pericardial effusion?