EMS Hodge Podge - 3

Airway

100

The space in between the vocal cords and the narrowest portion of the adult's airway is called the ______________.

glottis (or glottic opening)

200

The trachea divides at the level of the _______________ into the two mainstem bronchi.

Carina

300

The lungs are surrounded by a serous membrane called the pleura. All lung tissue is covered with a thin, slippery outer membrane called the ______________ _______________. The _____________ _________________ lines the inside of the thoracic cavity. A small amount of fluid is found between these 2 layers and serves as a lubricant to prevent friction during breathing.

Visceral Pleura Parietal Pleura

400

The space between the lungs is called the ______________________. This space contains the heart, great vessels, esophogus, trachea, major bronchi, and many nerves.

Mediastinum

500

Explain each: 1. Ventilation - 2. Oxygenation - 3. Respiration -

1. Ventilation -the physical act of moving air into & out of the lungs. 2.Oxygenation - the process of loading O2 molecules onto hemoglobin molecules in the bloodstream 3. Respiration -the actual exchange of O2 & CO2 in the alveoli as well as the tissues of the body.

Cardiology

100

Define STROKE VOLUME:

The volume of blood ejected with each ventricular contraction.

200

__________________ is a lack of oxygen that deprives tissues of necessary nutrients, resulting from partial or complete blockage of blood flow--is potentially reversible because permanent injury has not yet occured. _______________ ______________ is the pain caused by the above answer. This is transient (short-lived).

Ischemia Angina Pectoris (also known as just angina)

400

The ability of the cardiac muscle cells to contract with stimulation from the nervous system is called ___________________.

Automaticity

500

The _____________ atrium receives blood from the vena cava & delivers it to the _______________ ventricle. The _______________ atrium receives blood from the pulmonary veins and delivers it to the _________ ventricle.

Right ---- Right Left -----Left

Medical

100

What do these standD for: 1. CVA 2. TIA 3. DOA 4. IV 5. LUQ 6. MVC

1. CVA - cerebrovascular accident 2. TIA - Transient Ischemic Attack 3. DOA - Dead on Arrival 4. IV - Intravenous 5. LUQ - Left Upper Quadrant 6. MVC - Motor Vehicle Collision

200

What do these stand for: 1. NPO - 2. NTG - 3. NKA - 4. NC - 5. Tx - 6. RAD -

1. NPO - Nothing by Mouth 2. NTG - Nitroglycerin 3. NKA - No Known Allergies 4. NC - Nasal Canula 5. Tx - Treatment 6. RAD - Reactive Airway Disease (also called asthma)

300

Gas exchange between the alveoli and pulmonary circulation is obstructed by fluid in the lung, infection, or collapsed alveoli is ________________________.

Atelectasis

400

Name the 5 rights to giving a medication:

1. Right Patient 2. Right med 3. Right Dose 4. Right Route 5. Right time

500

Breath sounds: Please describe: 1. Rales - 2. Rhonchi - 3. Stridor - 4. Wheezing -

1. Rales - crackles or bubbling sound, usually heard on inspiration. The high-pitched are called "fine" crackles; Low-pitched called "coarse". usually due to CHF, & pulmonary edema 2. Rhonchi - Low pitched, caused by secretions/mucous. Referred to as "rattling" or "junky" -- usually due to pneumonia, bronchitis, aspiration 3. Stridor - high-pitched, inspiration, partial obstruction, kids-croup 4. Wheezing - high-pitched, musical or whistling sounds. indicates constriction/inflammation. Usually heard on exhalation. Common in asthma, sometimes COPD. 4.

Trauma

100

Bruising behind an ear over the mastoid process that may indictate a skull fracture is called:

Battle's Sign

200

The presence of air in the soft tissues produces a characteristic of crackling sensation is _______________ ____________________.

subcutaneous emphysema

300

Name the 3 types of burns & explain:

1. Superficial (1st degree) - epidermis only, red skin, no blisters, example: sunburn 2. Partial-thickness (2nd degree) - affects epidermis & dermis, blisters present, skin is white to red, moist, mottled. 3. Full-thickness (3rd degree) - affects all skin layers, muscle, bone, organs. Dry & leathery, charred.

400

Explain: --Epidural Hematoma - --Subdural Hematoma -

Epidural - blood between the skull & dura mater - arterial bleed, rapidly progressing symtoms. - pupil on the side of this hematoma becomes fixed and dilated. Subdural - blood beneath the dura mater; Venous bleeding; can occur a week or so after a fall

500

The motion of the portion of the chest wall that is detached in a flair chest; the motion--in during inhaltion, out during exhalation--is exactly the opposite of normal chest wall motion during breathing is called _________________ _____________________.

Paradoxical motion

Hodge Podge

100

An injury in which soft tissue is torn completely loose or is hanging as a flap is called an _________________

Avulsion

200

The displacement of organs outside the body is called an _____________________________.

Evisceration

300

What is a common name for decompression sickness?

Bends

400

The the 4 types of heat loss and explain each:

1. Conduction - when a body part comes in contact with a colder object 2. Convection - a breeze blowing across the body 3. Evaporation - conversion of water or another fluid from a liquid to a gas 4. Radiation - transfer of heat to colder objects in the environment--ex: heat gain from a fire

500

What does the acronym TACOS stand for:

T - Tobacco A - Alcohol C - Caffeine O - OTC meds/herbal supplements S - Sexual & Street drugs