Special Population
Most likely cause of bradycardia in a infant?
Hypoxia
What is Cushings triad ?
Bradycardia
irregular respirations
increase systolic blood pressure
Contraindications for aspirin
need at least 2
Children, known hypersensitivity, acute ulcers disease, signs or history of stroke.
Signs and symptoms for emphysema
-Thin barrel, chest appearance.
-Nonproductive cough -Pink complexion (polycythemia)- Prolonged inspiration -clubbing of fingers - wheezing - rhonchi - extreme dyspnea on exertion
What’s another word for laryngotracheobronchitis?
Croup
2 Signs of Placenta Previa
2 Signs of Abruptio Placenta
Placenta Previa
-Mostly Painless or (aching pain)-bright red bleeding -aching pain - strongly associated with #of previous C sections - Most common cause of pre term bleeding
Abruptio Placenta
-Super painful (stabbing pain) - Dark Red bleeding - localized uterine tenderness
An adult male has third-degree burns posterior to his head and all of his upper and lower back. What percentage of burns does the patient have?
4.5% back of head
9% upper back
9% lower back
22.5 % total
ETCO2 range when performing CPR on a cardiac arrest patient
10-15 mmHg
If falls below 10 change patient needs better quality CPR.
*** it’s a low ETCO2 because the bodies metabolism stops working as a result, less byproduct. “CO2”
Body is producing lactic acid, not CO2
Abnormal high-pitched musical sound caused by an upper airway obstruction (super glottic)
Stridor lung sounds
Normal pH range in a human body
7.35-7.45
Difference between Para and Gravida
Gravida - number of times a woman has been pregnant
Para - number of live birth ( infants born after 20 weeks of gestation)
Needle decompression placement?
Historically: Second intercostal space mid clavicular
Updated evidence: 5th intercostal space anterior axillary
Cardiac Tamponade signs
(Need at least 5 signs )
JVD -Electrical Alternans - Pulsus paradoxes
Hypotension - Chest pain -Dyspnea
Muffled Heart tones - AMS -orthopnea
Narrowing Pulse pressures -trauma to chest
In the human body, which lung side is larger?
Right or Left.
The right side is larger and has three lobes compared to the left that has two lobes.
The left lung is smaller than the right lung to make room for the heart, which is located mainly on the left side of the chest:
Number one cause of lower G.I. bleed out pouching of tissue that pushed through intestine wall
Signs and symptoms of this disease.
LLQ pain, fever, tenderness on palpitations, constipation, low fiber diet, solids stool
diverticulitis
Treatmeant for Pulsesless VT / or VF in a pedi arrest (16y and younger)
CPR , 15:2 (2 person) 30:2 (1 person)
Defibrillate 2J/Kg
Second dose: 4 joules/kg .
Third Doses: Defibrillation at 4 joules/kg up to 10 joules/kg not to exceed the adult dose.
Administer Epinephrine 0.01 mg/kg IV/IO (0.1 mL/kg of 0.1 mg/ml, maximum 1 mg).
Repeat Epinephrine every 3 to 5 minutes.
Administer Amiodarone 5 mg/kg (max 300 mg) IV/10.
Difference between acid and Alkali burns
Acid-burning process last just one to two minutes will cause coagulation
Alkali - burning process last of minutes two hours will cause liquefication necrosis
What are the intrinsic rates ?
Sinoatrial nodes SA ?
Atrioventricular AV ?
Purkinjes fibers ?
Sinoatrial nodes SA 60-100
Atrioventricular AV 40-60
Purkinjes fibers 40-15
A patient with Status Asthmatics
What are some treatments we can do?
Need at least 3 correct answers
Administer Albuterol (Proventil) aerosol 2.5mg/2.5ml via nebulizer.
Consider adding 1 vial Ipatropium Bromide (0.5mg of 0.017%) May substitute Duoneb
C. If multiple Albuterol treatments are anticipated, administer Prednisone 60 mg PO or Solu-Medrol (Methylprednisolone) 125 mg IV or PO.
Consider initiating non-invasive positive pressure ventilation (BIPAP or CPAP).
Consider administering epinephrine 0.3 mg IM (1mg/ml) followed by magnesium sulfate 2 g IV/IO diluted in 100 ml normal saline over 20 minutes.
Hypoglycemia in the alcoholic patients treatment ?
Administer thiamine (100 mg slow IV or IM) Along with glucose **** unable to metabolize glucose without adequate thiamine
Sickle cell signs and symptoms
(looking for at least 3)
Incredibly painful in joints and body
Possible chest pain
Swollen hands and feet
Severe anemia
Prominent in African-American
What is anterior cord syndrome?
Usually seen in hyperflexion injuries in the spinal cord… decreased sensation of pain and temperature below level of lesion, intact light touch and position sensation paralysis below the level of lesion
Functions of these receptors? (Need at least one answer for each)
Alpha one receptors
Beta one receptors
Beta two receptors
Alpha 1 - receptors cause vasoconstriction, pupillary, dilation, and decrease renin secretions
BETA 1 RECEPTORS "You have 1 heart" Increased Heart Rate (Chronotropy) Increased Contraction (Inotropy) Increased Automaticity/Conduction Impulse (Dromotropy)
BETA 2 RECEPTORS "You have 2 lungs" Bronchodilation, and Vasodilation
In intubation where is the tip of the Miller Blade placed compared to the Macintosh Blade placed ?
Miller Blade .. Tip of blade is applied DIRECTLY to the epiglottis to expose the vocal cord (highly recommend in infants to displace tongue better) best for anterior airways
Mac blade.. Tip of blade is inserted into the vallecula—displace tongue to the left to lift the epiglottis with out touching it (INDIRECTLY)
Mastoid bruising or Cerebrospinal fluid otorrhea can be a sign of what ?
Basilar skull fracture