Vocabulary
What type is scientific name from Red Blood Cells.
What is erythrocytes?
5.A 19-year-old diabetic male was found unresponsive on the couch by his roommate. After confirming that the patient is unresponsive, you should:
A.suction his oropharynx.
B.manually open his airway.
C.administer high-flow oxygen.
D.begin assisting his ventilations.
Immediately after determining that a patient is unresponsive, your first action should be to manually open his or her airway (eg, head tilt–chin lift, jaw-thrust). Use suction as needed to clear secretions from the patient’s mouth. After manually opening the airway and ensuring it is clear of obstructions, insert a nasal airway adjunct and then assess the patient’s breathing.
The ___________ lies in the retroperitoneal space.
A.liver
B.pancreas
C.stomach
D.small intestine
The pancreas, kidneys, and ovaries lie in the retroperitoneal space, which is behind the peritoneum, and are often the cause of acute abdominal pain. The liver, stomach, and small intestine are all found within the true (anterior) abdomen
Which of the following organs lies in the retroperitoneal space?
A. liver
B. spleen
C. pancreas
D. gallbladder
C. pancreas
A condition in which a person experiences a loss of appetite is called:
A.ileus.
B.colic.
C.emesis.
D.anorexia.
What is Anorexia : defined as a loss of appetite. It is a nonspecific symptom but is often associated with gastrointestinal diseases and abdominal pain. Ileus is the paralysis of the muscular contractions that normally propel material through the intestine. Colic is a severe, intermittent cramping pain. Emesis is the proper medical term for vomiting.
A protrusion of an organ or tissue through a hole or opening into a body cavity where it does not belong.
What is Hernia?
6.What breathing pattern would you MOST likely encounter in a patient with diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA)?
A.Slow and shallow
B.Shallow and irregular
C.Rapid and deep
D.Slow and irregular
Kussmaul respirations—a rapid and deep breathing pattern seen in patients with DKA—indicates that the body is attempting to eliminate ketones via the respiratory system. A fruity or acetone breath odor is usually present in patients with Kussmaul respirations.
4.Which combination of factors would MOST likely cause a hypoglycemic crisis in a diabetic patient?
A.Eating a meal and taking insulin
B.Skipping a meal and taking insulin
C.Eating a meal and not taking insulin
D.Skipping a meal and not taking insulin
The combination that would most likely cause a hypoglycemic crisis is skipping a meal and taking insulin. The patient will use up all available glucose in the bloodstream and become hypoglycemic. Left untreated, hypoglycemic crisis may cause permanent brain damage or even death
Which of the following organs would MOST likely bleed profusely if injured?
A. liver
B. stomach
C. appendix
D. gallbladder
A. liver
If a hernia is incarcerated and the contents are so greatly compressed that circulation is compromised, the hernia is said to be:
A.reducible.
B.ruptured.
C.strangulated.
D.congenital.
strangulated hernia occurs when a hernia is incarcerated and compressed by the surrounding tissues. It is a serious medical emergency and requires immediate surgery to repair the hernia, remove dead tissue, and return oxygen to the tissues. When the mass can be placed back into the body, it is considered reducible. Hernias are not at risk of rupturing. A congenital hernia is one that is present at birth and is usually present around the umbilicus.
Severe hunger and increased food intake
What is Polyphagia?
7.A woman called EMS because her 12-year-old son, who had been experiencing excessive urination, thirst, and hunger for the past 36 hours, has an altered mental status and is breathing fast. You should be MOST suspicious for:
A.low blood sugar.
B.hypoglycemia.
C.hypoglycemic crisis.
D.hyperglycemic crisis
The child is experiencing a hyperglycemic crisis secondary to severe hyperglycemia. Hyperglycemic crisis is characterized by a slow onset and excessive urination (polyuria), thirst (polydipsia), and hunger (polyphagia). Other signs include rapid, deep breathing with a fruity or acetone breath odor (Kussmaul respirations); a rapid, thready pulse; and an altered mental status
7.The medical term for inflammation of the urinary bladder is:
A.cystitis.
B.nephritis.
C.cholecystitis.
D.diverticulitis.
A.Cystitis is the medical term for inflammation of the urinary bladder. Nephritis is inflammation of the kidney. Cholecystitis is inflammation of the gallbladder. Diverticulitis is a condition in which small pouches in the colon (large intestine) become inflamed.
List the organs in the upper left quadrant
What is liver, spleen, pancreas, stomach, left kidney, and colon.
MOST patients with an acute abdomen present with:
A.dyspnea.
B.diarrhea.
C.hypotension.
D.tachycardia
Tachycardia (heart rate > 100 beats/min) is commonly seen in patients with an acute abdomen; it is usually the result of severe pain. Hypotension is not seen in all patients with an acute abdomen; if the patient is hypotensive, you should suspect internal bleeding or a severe infection (sepsis). Many patients with an acute abdomen have increased respirations (tachypnea); however, dyspnea (a feeling of shortness of breath) is not common.
A tear in the junction between the esophagus and the stomach, causing severe bleeding and potential death.
What is Mallory-Weiss Tear?
8.If the cells do not receive glucose, they will begin to metabolize:
A.fat.
B.acid.
C.sugar.
D.ketones.
If the body’s cells do not receive glucose, they will begin to metabolize the next most readily available substance—fat. Fat metabolism results in the production of ketoacids, which are released into the bloodstream (hence the term “ketoacidosis”).
1.Type 1 diabetes is a condition in which:
A.too much insulin is produced.
B.glucose utilization is impaired.
C.too much glucose enters the cell.
D.the body does not produce glucose
B. Type 1 diabetes is a disease in which the pancreas fails to produce enough insulin (or produces none at all). Insulin is a hormone that promotes the uptake of sugar from the bloodstream and into the cells. Without insulin, glucose utilization is impaired because it cannot enter the cell.
List the organs located in the right upper quadrant.
What is liver, right kidney, colon, pancreas, and gall bladder.
a localized, intense pain that arises from the parietal peritoneum, the lining of the abdominal cavity
What is parietal pain?
Name the three symptoms of Hyperglycemia
What is Polyuria - frequent Urination
What is Polydipsia - Increased Thirst
What is Polyphagia - Increased Hunger
A 70-year-old man presents with an acute onset of severe, tearing abdominal pain that radiates to his back. His BP is 88/66 mm Hg, pulse rate is 120 beats/min, and respirations are 26 breaths/min. Treatment for this patient should include:
A.rapid transport to the hospital.
B.firm palpation of the abdomen.
C.placing him in a sitting position.
D.oxygen at 4 L/min via nasal cannula
Severe, tearing abdominal pain that radiates to the back is typical of an abdominal aortic aneurysm (AAA); it commonly occurs in older patients—especially those with hypertension. Treatment includes high-flow oxygen and rapid transport. If the patient has signs of shock, place him or her supine. Do not vigorously palpate the patient’s abdomen; doing so may cause the aneurysm to rupture
10.In which position do most patients with acute abdominal pain prefer to be transported?
A.Sitting, with their head elevated 45°
B.Supine, with their legs elevated 12 inches
C.On their side, with their knees flexed
D.Fowler’s position, with their legs straight
Most patients with acute abdominal pain prefer to lie on their side with their knees flexed (and usually drawn up into their abdomen). This position takes pressure off the abdominal muscles and may afford them pain relief. The other positions do not allow the pressure to be relieved and may cause further discomfort.
Solid abdominal organs include the:
A. stomach and small intestine.
B. spleen, kidneys, and pancreas.
C. gallbladder and large intestine.
D. urinary bladder, colon, and ureters.
What is B. spleen, kidneys, and pancreas.
Hemoglobin S Disease, Another Name
What is Sickle Cell Disease?