Medical
A 61-year-old female has tonic-clonic seizure activity that started eight minutes ago. Her husband tells you her only medical history is high blood pressure. You observe less stiffening of the muscles in her left arm and leg. You should suspect:
Stroke
Which of the following is a characteristic of pediatric trauma that can mask significant internal injuries after a child is struck by a car?
There may be no obvious evidence of external trauma.
An unresponsive 35-year-old female was struck in the head with a softball bat. She has a four-inch laceration, and you palpate an unstable area of the occipital region. Fifteen minutes after the injury, her vital signs are P 48, R 16 and irregular, BP 216/104, and SpO2is 94% on room air. You should suspect a:
skull fracture.
Which of the following is least dependent on insulin to move glucose into the cells?
Brain
A 51-year-old male has a quarter-inch diameter metal bar that is six feet long impaled in his forearm. There is minor bleeding around the bar. He can move his fingers with a slight increase in his pain. You should:
cut the bar while stabilizing it.
An unresponsive 11-year-old female jumped from a second-story window and landed on an uneven surface. Her skin is pale, cool, and you do not observe any bruising. She has a capillary refill of four seconds. Her left leg is shortened. When you compare her femurs, they are the same. Her abdomen is soft to palpation, and you feel crepitus when you assess her pelvis. You should suspect torn blood vessels in her:
pelvis.
A 16-year-old female complains of a runny nose and a low-grade fever. She has a burst of rapid coughing with an inspiratory whooping sound. While she is coughing her skin becomes cyanotic. After she stops coughing her skin color returns to normal. You should suspect:
pertussis.
A 9-year-old female was struck by a car while she was riding her bicycle. She complains of pain in her left forearm, right shoulder, and abdomen. Her skin is pale and cool. Her right shoulder appears uninjured. You observe an angulated injury to her forearm, and distal pulses are present. She has an abrasion to her right upper abdominal quadrant, and the pain increases with palpation. You should perform spinal motion restriction,
administer oxygen, and transport immediately.
An 11-month-old female was stabbed in the chest with a knife. You open her shirt and observe a half-inch laceration to the right side of her chest that is bubbling. You should immediately:
place your gloved hand over the wound.
17-year-old female complains of difficulty swallowing after smoking crack earlier today. Her voice is quiet, and she is leaning forward and drooling. Her lungs are clear to auscultation. Her vital signs are P 16, R 14, BP 116/ 76, and SpO2 is 94% on room air. You should suspect:
epiglottitis.
How do the kidneys assist in buffering the pH of the blood?
They produce bicarbonate.
Penetrating injury to which of the following organs would cause peritonitis the quickest?
Stomach
89-year-old female complains of right-sided numbness and loss of bladder control. You observe that she is unable to move her right arm and leg. Her vital signs are P 74, R 16, BP 128/84, and SpO2 is 94% on room air. Her blood glucose level is 72 mg/dL. You should:
determine when she was last known normal.
A 47-year-old female complains of right hip pain. She was the unrestrained driver of a car that crashed into a tree. Her airbag deployed, but there is damage to the dash where her right knee struck it. As you move her onto the long backboard, you observe that her right leg is rotated inward, her hip is flexed, and her knee is bent. You should suspect a(n):
posterior hip dislocation.
A 71-year-old male has partial thickness flash burns to his face. He tells you he was smoking in the bathroom while on oxygen by nasal cannula when it happened. The hair in his nostrils and eyebrows is singed. While he is speaking to you, you notice his voice is becoming more hoarse. He complains that his throat is tightening, and he has trouble breathing. You should:
transport immediately.
You are transporting a patient who was found in cardiac arrest by family members, and CPR was immediately started. After 3 minutes of CPR, the patient regained a pulse and spontaneous breathing, but is still unresponsive. You have placed an airway and are transporting the patient to the hospital when you note that his SpO2 is 100% on a non-rebreather mask. You remove the mask and replace it with a nasal cannula at 4 lpm. The patient's SpO2 is now 96%. The EMT student riding along with you asks why you did that. What would be the best explanation of your action?
To reduce additional cellular damage when oxygen reacts with free radicals in the blood stream.
An unresponsive 21-year-old male was shot in the left upper abdominal quadrant. His skin is pale and diaphoretic. You auscultate clear lung sounds, and his neck veins are flat. His vital signs are P 116, R 20, BP 100/72, and
SpO2
is 92% on room air. What type of shock should you suspect?
Hemorrhagic
A 56-year-old female has a full thickness burn to her left anterior forearm from an industrial alkali. Why does she only have pain in the skin surrounding the burn?
The nerve cells are destroyed in the area of the burn.