EMS Systems and Logistics
In most states, these are the four levels of EMT training and licensure.
What are EMR, EMT, AEMT, and Paramedic?
This is the general definition of shock?
What is inadequate cellular perfusion? Hypoperfusion?
This condition, caused by excessive pressure in the skull, presents with hypertension, bradycardia, and erratic respirations.
What is Cushing's Triad?
In children younger than 1 year of age, you should palpate this artery to assess the pulse
What is the brachial artery?
This term describes trauma that occurs when force impacts the body but does not cause a break in the skin
What is blunt trauma?
This 2019 document revised the EMS Agenda for the Future.
What is EMS Agenda 2050?
This type of shock is caused by inadequate function of the heart, often following a heart attack.
What is cardiogenic shock?
This is the mnemonic used to describe the signs and symptoms of cholinergic nerve agent exposure.
What is SLUDGEM or DUMBELS?
The pediatric airway differs from an adult's because it is smaller in diameter and shorter in length, and what is proportionally larger.
What is the tongue?
Organs containing air, such as the middle ear, the lungs, and this system, are the most susceptible to pressure changes caused by blast injuries
What is the gastrointestinal tract?
A process of informal review using written documents, such as local protocols, is an example of this type of medical control.
What is standing orders / off-line medical control?
This type of shock is caused by severe infections, often bacterial, where toxins lead to widespread vessel dilation and plasma loss.
What is septic shock?
These are the two most common causes of secondary brain injury.
What are hypoxia and hypotension?
This is the most accurate site for obtaining a body temperature reading for infants to toddlers.
What is rectal temperature?
This category of blast injury occurs when the victim is hurled by the force of the explosion against a stationary object
What are tertiary blast injuries?
This federal act requires EMTs to ensure and protect patient privacy.
What is the Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act (HIPAA)?
This specific type of distributive shock, often following a high spinal cord injury, is uniquely characterized by bradycardia, low blood pressure, and warm skin.
What is neurogenic shock?
Seizures that continue every few minutes without the patient regaining consciousness or that last longer than 30 minutes.
What is status epilepticus?
When suctioning an infant's mouth or nose, the maximum duration you should suction at one time
5 seconds
Spinal cord injury may result from this type of mechanism, often caused by a fall where the patient lands directly on the crown of the skull or the coccyx
What is axial loading (or a compression injury)?
The legal term for the specific time limit within which a case, such as a lawsuit against EMS, must be commenced.
What is the statute of limitations?
A patient with a rapid pulse, cool, clammy skin, and anxiety is exhibiting signs of this stage of shock.
What is compensated shock?
A small percentage of the population exhibits this condition, meaning they are born with pupils of different sizes.
What is anisocoria?
The three required components of the Pediatric Assessment Triangle (PAT)
What are Appearance, Work of breathing, and Circulation to the skin?
For a critically injured multisystem trauma patient, prompt transport is essential, and EMTs should strive to keep scene time within this approximate maximum.
What is 10 minutes (or the "Golden Hour" principle)?