Airway Structures and Sounds
This sound is typically caused by severely restricted air movement in the upper airway
What is stridor?
An oropharyngeal airway (OPA) is indicated for a patient if this reflex is not present
What is gag reflex?
This is a common sign of respiratory failure
What is altered mental status?
The recommended ventilation rate for adults
What is 10-12 breaths per minute or 1 breath every 5-6 seconds?
The first step to take when approaching a patient suffering from a behavioral emergency
What is ensure scene safety?
The three regions of the pharynx
What are the nasopharynx, oropharynx, and laryngopharynx?
A relative contraindication for using a nasopharyngeal airway
What are signs of a basilar skull fracture?
This condition is characterized by low levels of oxygen in the body
What is hypoxia?
This device used to provide positive pressure ventilation to patients who are not breathing or not breathing adequately
What is a bag-valve mask (BVM)?
Techniques used to reduce the intensity of a conflict or potentially violent situation
What is de-escalation?
Gurgling indicates this in terms of airway obstruction
What is fluid obstructing the airway?
This condition is commonly associated with bronchoconstriction or bronchospasm
What is asthma?
This condition can cause bronchial tubes to decrease in diameter and limit airflow
What is asthma?
A device is commonly used to deliver oxygen to a patient with adequate breathing but low oxygen saturation
What is a nasal cannula?
What should you report to the medical facility, police, or designated government agency?
What is any attempted suicide or expression of suicidal and/or homicidal thoughts?
This sound indicates a narrowing of the upper airway passages
What is hoarseness?
This should be done if the nasopharyngeal airway encounters the nasal turbinates during insertion
What is pull the tube out and try the other nostril?
This condition is characterized by no chest or abdominal rise and fall, and no evidence of air being moved from the mouth or nose
What is respiratory arrest?
These devices are used to help channel air to the trachea and minimize the impact of sub-optimal position on airway patency
What are airway adjuncts?
What should be considered first when a patient exhibits unusual behavior?
What are non-psychiatric causes of altered mental status (stroke, seizure, hypoglycemia, TBI, stress, overdose, alcohol intoxication, etc)?
The main structural difference between the trachea and bronchioles
What is the trachea is supported by cartilage rings, while bronchioles are supported by smooth muscle?
We move to this set of procedures if an airway remains obstructed after attempts to ventilate and reposition or reopen the airway fail
What is move to foreign-body airway procedures?
This can cause a patient to lose the ability to transmit messages through nerve tissue to innervate the muscles of respiration
What is myasthenia gravis?
The three major issues to consider in the supplemental oxygen decision process
What are oxygen is a medication, oxygen can cause harm, and oxygen should be administered based on patient evaluation?
This neurotransmitter is targeted by SSRIs to elevate mood
What is serotonin?