neuro diseases
This neurological condition affects dopamine receptors, leading to problems with motor movement and speech that is soft, flat, and unclear.
What is Parkinson’s Disease?
This muscle action means “to bring structures together,” such as when the vocal folds come together during phonation.
What is adduction?
This directional term means “from a high position,” such as the brain being above the heart.
What is superior (or cranial)?
This scan uses X-rays to create images of the body and is often used to quickly detect strokes or head injuries.
What is a CT scan?
This part of the nervous system includes the brain and spinal cord.
What is the central nervous system?
This condition affects 3.1% of children ages 3–17 and may involve delayed or absent expressive language, pragmatic impairments, and receptive language difficulties.
What is Autism Spectrum Disorder?
When the vocal folds move apart during breathing, this muscle action is occurring.
What is abduction?
The ribs are this in relation to the heart, meaning they are away from the body’s midline.
What is lateral?
This imaging technique uses strong magnets and radio waves to produce detailed images of soft tissues in the brain.
What is an MRI?
This division of the nervous system carries information between the CNS and the rest of the body.
What is the peripheral nervous system?
In this disorder, symptoms begin distally and move centrally as the condition progresses, and it can affect breathing due to inflamed peripheral nerves.
What is Guillain-Barré Syndrome?
This term refers to bending a joint, like when you bend your elbow.
What is flexion?
This term describes a structure that is toward the stomach or front of the body, like the sternum in relation to the heart.
What is anterior (or ventral)?
This scan measures brain activity by tracking changes in blood flow and is often used in language and cognition research.
What is an fMRI?
This nervous system division controls voluntary muscle movements, such as speaking or writing.
What is the somatic nervous system?
This degenerative brain disorder causes neurons to shrink and die and can affect language, emotions, and memory.
What is Frontotemporal Dementia?
Straightening a joint, such as the elbow, is known as this muscle action.
What is extension?
If one body part is closer to a limb’s point of attachment than another, it is described as this.
What is proximal?
This type of scan shows metabolic activity in the brain and is commonly used to assess dementia or brain tumors.
What is a PET scan?
This part of the autonomic nervous system is responsible for “rest and digest” functions.
What is the parasympathetic nervous system?
This rare condition is caused by damage to the pons, leaving individuals conscious but unable to move or speak.
What is Locked-In Syndrome?
This position describes lying with the ventral surface facing up, such as sleeping on your back.
What is supine?
This term means “on the opposite side,” such as when one side of the brain controls the other side of the body.
What is contralateral?
This imaging method uses sound waves to visualize structures and is often used to assess swallowing function in SLP practice.
What is an ultrasound?
This type of neuron carries sensory information from the body to the central nervous system.
What is an afferent (sensory) neuron?