DNA Structure and Function
The 4 letters we use to represent the base pairs in DNA.
What is A T C G?
XX
What is the representation of an individual's reproductive success based on their traits.
Fitness
What do you call the history of life on Earth that is documented by fossils?
The fossil record
Where did Miss Jacobson go to college?
University of Idaho. Go Vandals!
What is the complimentary DNA sequence to the one below:
AGTGACTGAC
TCACTGACTG
What is the difference between a genotype and a phenotype?
Genotype is the representation of the allele pair (XX, xx, Xx)
Phenotype is the observable characteristic/trait (Brown eyes, blue eyes, hazel eyes)
Describe how the peppered moths were an example of natural selection.
Answers will vary.
As the environment changed (got darker from pollution) the darker moths had higher fitness because they could blend into the trees, hide from predators and reproduce more. This caused the light moths to decrease because they had lower fitness.
Looking at the Earth’s layers, the ___________ is the oldest layer and the ____________ is the youngest layer.
bottom layer
top layer
What is Miss Jacobson's favorite animal?
Dogs!
Hold together the base pairs down the middle of the two strands. Weak enough to break apart during DNA replication and protein synthesis.
Fill out a punnet square with the genotypes RR for brown hair and rr for red hair. What will the offspring's genotypes be?
All offspring will be Rr.
Describe one example of artificial selection.
Answers will vary. Miss Jacobson will decide yes or no.
What is does the word evolve mean? Give me an example of evolution and describe.
Change over time
Answers will vary.
What is Miss Jacobson's 2nd job?
Server at a restaurant.
What is the end product of DNA replication and when does DNA replication occur during the cell cycle (before or after mitosis)?
An identical copy of DNA, before mitosis
Describe how traits are passed from parent to offspring and why that leads to genetic variation between siblings.
Answers will vary.
Each child receives half of their DNA from each parent. That DNA set will be unique each time because the allele combinations passed down from each parent are random due to crossing over and independent assortment during meiosis.
How are natural selection and artificial selection different?
Answers will vary.
Natural selection is influenced by the environment, artificial selection is influenced by humans.
Natural selection typically happens over 1000s of years, artificial selection is quicker.
When paleontologists discover a fossil, what tool do they use to place those fossils in order of when they lived and what structures they have in common?
Phylogenetic tree/cladogram
How many siblings does Miss Jacobson have? Brothers or sisters?
3 sisters
What is a codon?
3 base sequence of mRNA
What dominance pattern is shown when flowers can be white, red or red and white spotted
Codominance
What is a gene pool?
The total collection of genes in a breeding population at a given time.
How can the fossil record tell us about when natural selection occured?
Answers will vary.
When patterns/observations in the fossil record change, we can assume they were driven by natural selection, or changes in the environment (climate, predators, resource availability)
When students are talking when she or someone else is talking!