Reinforcement/Schedules of Reinforcement
A response followed immediately by the presentation (+) of a stimulus change that results in similar responses occurring more often.
Positive reinforcement
A procedure for decreasing problem behavior in which reinforcement is contingent on the absence of the problem behavior during or at specific times. Reinforcement is given for any other behaviors occurring.
DRO
Differential reinforcement of other behaviors
When do your session notes need to be completed?
Name the four functions of behavior.
Hint: remember the acronym
Sensory, Escape, Attention, Tangible (SEAT)
Escape, Attention, Tangible, Sensory (EATS)
Give 3 behaviors/signs of assent withdrawal
aggression, self-injury, tantrums, elopement, turning away, frowning, complaining, crying, pushing materials away
A response is followed immediately by the termination, reduction, postponement, or avoidance of a stimulus that results in similar responses occurring more often.
Negative reinforcement
A procedure for decreasing problem behavior in which reinforcement is delivered for a behavior that serves as a desirable alternative to the behavior targeted for reduction and withheld following instances of the problem behavior
DRA
Differential reinforcement of alternative behavior
What is the "magic number" for billing in terms of letting scheduling know to adjust your session time.
Ex. client arrives X number of minutes past 8:30am
Past 7 minutes
Ex. 8:38am let scheduling know
You walk with your student down the hall, as soon as you get to the classroom door, they drop to the floor. What is the hypothesized function?
Escape
Give 3 behaviors/signs of assent.
smiling, looking toward you, active engagement, active participation, cooperation, affirmative statements
A schedule of reinforcement that provides reinforcement for the first correct response following the elapse of variable durations of time occurring in a random or unpredictable order. The mean duration of the intervals is used to describe the schedule.
Hint: FI, VI, FR, VR
Variable interval
A procedure for decreasing problem behavior in which reinforcement is delivered for a behavior that is topographically incompatible with the behavior targeted for reduction and withheld following instances of the problem behavior
DRI
Differential reinforcement of incompatible behavior
Using the center schedule, where/what should the red pod be doing from 11:00-11:15?
In the large sensory room & engaging in regulation activities
What does A - B - C stand for?
Antecedent - Behavior - Consequence
Assent withdrawal
A schedule of reinforcement requiring a fixed number of responses for reinforcement.
Hint: FI, VI, FR, VR
Fixed ratio
The examples are what DR procedure?
1. Raising your hand to speak in class
2. Help strategy/functional communication
3. "quiet hands"
DRA
Differential reinforcement of alternative behavior
What does a code black mean & what is the protocol?
Missing learner
Go to large sensory room or gym for head count. Leadership & the BT will go to every exit and look around.
You are running a small group during reading instruction. One of your students calls out and is making funny faces and noises causing peers to react and laugh. What is the hypothesized function of the behavior?
Attention / Escape
Give a learner specific example of assent withdrawal?
Ex. What did it look like (bx involved), type of data collection, what worked to regain assent?
Answers vary.
A client receives access to a preferred item after engaging in a task for two minutes.
Which type & schedule of reinforcement is at play?
Positive reinforcement (SR+)
Fixed interval 2 minutes (FI2)
The examples are what DR procedure?
1. Crossed arms to decrease pushing bx
2. Using a chewy to decrease mouthing toy bx
3. Using putty to decrease scratching bx
DRI
Differential reinforcement of incompatible behaviors
Where should your phone be at all times unless approved to have it on you?
In the staff lounge!!
Give the ABC and function in the following scenario:
A child cries when a toy is taken away. The BT gives the toy back.
A: toy taken away
B: cries
C: BT gives the toy back
Function: Tangible
Explain the difference between consent & assent.
Consent: legally required contracts often given by a parent/guardian
Assent: the expression of approval & agreement given by the learner.