The French Revolution
What were the three estates in pre-revolutionary France?
The First Estate (clergy), Second Estate (nobility), Third Estate (commoners).
What is the Law of Demand?
It states that there is an inverse relationship between price and quantity demanded.
Who was Commodore Perry, and what was his role in Japan?
He led an expedition to Japan in 1853, prompting the opening of Japan to American trade.
Define economic resources.
Factors of production necessary for creating goods and services, including land, labor, capital, and entrepreneurship.
What was the significance of the Storming of the Bastille?
It marked the beginning of the French Revolution and symbolized the uprising against oppression.
Identify one factor that can cause a shift in the demand curve.
Changes in consumer income or preferences.
What changes occurred during the Meiji Era in Japan?
Japan underwent political, economic, and social transformations, including industrialization and modernization
What are the primary, secondary, and tertiary sectors of the economy?
Primary: extraction of raw materials; Secondary: manufacturing; Tertiary: service provision.
Describe the main demands of the Third Estate during the Estates General.
They demanded representation proportional to population and voting by head rather than by estate.
What does market equilibrium represent?
It is the point where quantity supplied equals quantity demanded.
Describe the impact of the Satsuma Rebellion.
It was a significant uprising that demonstrated the resistance to the loss of the samurai class's privileges and status.
What is GDP per capita, and why is it important?
It measures economic output per person and indicates the average wealth and living standards in a country.
What was the role of the Committee of Public Safety during the Reign of Terror?
It was responsible for overseeing the revolution and enforcing radical measures, including widespread executions.
Explain the concept of comparative advantage.
It refers to the ability of a country to produce a good at a lower opportunity cost than another country.
What was the significance of the Meiji Constitution?
It established a constitutional government and delineated the distribution of power among branches of government.
Describe Dependency Theory.
It explains how exploitation and external influences keep developing countries in poverty, creating a divide between developed and developing nations.
How did the Great Fear impact rural France during the revolution?
It caused panic among peasants, leading to uprisings against aristocrats and rumors of food hoarding.
How does opportunity cost relate to international trade?
Understanding opportunity cost helps countries decide what to produce and trade based on their resources.
How did Japan transition from isolationism to imperialism?
Through modernization and military expansion, Japan became an imperial power, engaging in conflicts like the Sino-Japanese War.
What is the Human Development Index (HDI)?
It combines life expectancy, education, and GDP per capita to measure a country's development level.