Adrenal
This hormone released by the hypothalamus stimulates the anterior pituitary to produce ACTH.
What is CRH (corticotropin‑releasing hormone)?
This hormone level, when normal for age, effectively rules out acromegaly.
What is a serum IGF‑1 level?
This first‑line biguanide decreases hepatic gluconeogenesis, increases insulin sensitivity, and does not cause hypoglycemia.
What is metformin?
This autoimmune process destroys pancreatic beta cells, leading to absolute insulin deficiency.
What is Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus?
This chromosome abnormality (XXY) is the most common cause of primary hypogonadism in males.
What is Klinefelter syndrome
Fat redistribution in Cushing syndrome produces these two classic findings: a dorsocervical fat pad and a rounded plethoric face.
What are a buffalo hump and moon face?
This genetic disorder is the most common cause of disproportionate dwarfism.
What is achondroplasia?
This class of diabetes medications lowers blood glucose by inhibiting glucose reabsorption in the proximal renal tubules, leading to glucosuria.
What are SGLT2 inhibitors?
This dermatologic finding, often seen on the neck or axilla, is associated with insulin resistance.
What is acanthosis nigricans?
This laboratory test is typically elevated in Paget’s disease and reflects increased bone turnover.
What is alkaline phosphatase
This anesthetic induction medication can precipitate acute adrenal crisis because it suppresses adrenal function.
What is IV etomidate?
A 30-year-old patient described a deepening of his voice and enlargement of his hands and feet- is a classic vignette for this disorder.
What is acromegaly?
This class of medications stimulates pancreatic beta cells to release insulin regardless of glucose level, increasing the risk of hypoglycemia.
What are sulfonylureas?
This HbA1c value or higher is diagnostic for diabetes mellitus.
What is 6.5%?
In this type of hypogonadism, LH and FSH levels are elevated due to gonadal failure.
What is primary (hypergonadotropic) hypogonadism
This triad of symptoms—is considered classic for pheochromocytoma.
What is the triad of palpitations, headache, and sweating?
This medication is first-line treatment for central diabetes insipidus.
What is desmopressin?
For patients with type 2 diabetes and chronic kidney disease, this class of medication is recommended because it slows progression of diabetic nephropathy.
What are SGLT2 inhibitors?
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Testosterone levels should be measured at this time of day because levels peak during this period
What is early morning around 8–10 AM (must say between 8-10am to earn points)
An 8 AM plasma cortisol level below this value is considered diagnostic for adrenal insufficiency.
What is 3 mcg/dL?
Compression of the optic chiasm by a pituitary macroadenoma classically produces this visual field defect.
What is bitemporal hemianopsia?
According to ADA guidelines, patients with type 2 diabetes and established cardiovascular disease should receive this class of medications due to demonstrated cardiovascular risk reduction.
What are GLP-1 receptor agonists or SGLT2 inhibitors?
A 22-year-old patient with mild fasting hyperglycemia has a strong family history of diabetes in three generations. The patient is non-obese, has negative autoantibodies, and maintains stable glucose levels without insulin therapy. Genetic testing reveals a positive mutation related to Diabetes.
What is MODY?
This rare but serious malignancy is the most common neoplastic complication of Paget’s disease
What is osteosarcoma