Endocrine

Hormones

100

Adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH) is secreted by the ___________ and increases the secretion of ___________ and ___________.

anterior pituitary, glucocorticoids, mineralocorticoids

200

Follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) is secreted by the ___________ and stimulates the maturation of ovarian follicles, ___________, and ___________ secretion.

anterior pituitary, ovulation, estrogen

300

Thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) is secreted by the ___________ and increases the secretion of thyroid hormones ___________ and ___________.

anterior pituitary, triiodothyronine (T3), thyroxine (T4)  

400

Prolactin is secreted by the ___________ and stimulates the production of ___________ in the mammary glands.

anterior pituitary, breast milk

500

Growth hormone (GH) is secreted by the ___________ and facilitates the growth of ___________ and ___________ through protein synthesis, fat metabolism, and insulin antagonism 

anterior pituitary, bones, tissues 

hormones

100

Triiodothyronine (T3) is secreted by the ___________ and acts on ___________ of the body to ___________ the metabolic rate.

thyroid gland, cells, increase

200

Catecholamines (epinephrine and norepinephrine) are secreted by the ___________ and act on ___________ in the body, mimicking the actions of the ___________ system.

adrenal medulla, cells, sympathetic

300

Oxytocin is secreted by the ___________ and acts on the ___________ and ___________ to stimulate ___________ contractions during labor and ___________ ejection

posterior pituitary, uterus, mammary glands, uterine, milk

400

Mineralocorticoids (aldosterone) are secreted by the ___________ and act on the ___________ and ___________ in the kidney to promote ___________ reabsorption and ___________ excretion.

adrenal cortex, distal tubules, collecting ducts, sodium, potassium

500

Catecholamines (epinephrine and norepinephrine) are secreted by the ___________ and act on the ___________ of the body, mimicking the actions of the ___________ system.

adrenal medulla, cells, sympathetic

Hormoness

100

Thyrocalcitonin (calcitonin) is secreted by the ___________ and acts on the ___________ to decrease reabsorption of calcium in the renal tubules.

thyroid gland, kidneys

200

Thyroxine (T4) is secreted by the ___________ and acts on ___________ of the body to ___________ the response to catecholamines.

thyroid gland, cells, increase

300

Vasopressin (ADH) is secreted by the ___________ and acts on the ___________ and ___________ in the kidney to increase ___________ reabsorption.

posterior pituitary, distal tubules, collecting ducts, water

400

Glucocorticoids (cortisol) are secreted by the ___________ and act on the ___________ to promote ___________ (increasing blood glucose). It also decreases ___________ use, promotes ___________ catabolism, and promotes ___________ synthesis in the cells of the body.

adrenal cortex, liver, gluconeogenesis, glucose, protein, fat

500

Thyrocalcitonin (calcitonin) is secreted by the ___________ and acts on the ___________ to decrease osteoclastic (breakdown of bone) activity.

thyroid gland, bones

hormones

100

● Hypoglycemia

● Decreased cortisol levels

● Decreased ability to handle stress

What Is Hyper or Hypo what hormone 

Hypoputuarism Adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH) decreased glucocorticoids 

200

   Thyrocalcitonin (calcitonin)

Thyroid 

Decreases osteoclastic (breakdown of bone) activity

Decreases reabsorption of calcium in the renal tubules

Decreases reabsorption of calcium in the intestines

300

Parathyroid hormone (PTH)

Parathyroid gland

Bones

Increases osteoclastic (bone breakdown) activity

Kidney

Increases renal tubule reabsorption of calcium

Intestines

Increases gastrointestinal reabsorption of calcium (vitamin D required)

400

Glucagon

Pancreas 

Liver

Promotes glycogenolysis (increased blood glucose levels by conversion of glycogen to glucose)

 Muscles

Promotes gluconeogenesis (increased blood glucose levels by conversion of amino acids to glucose)

500

● Hyponatremia

● Hypotension

● Hyperkalemia

Hypoputuarism 

ACTH 

minecortoics 

hormones

100

Female effects

● Irregular menses or amenorrhea

● Decreased ovulation

Male effects

● Decreased testosterone

decreased levels of LF hypoputuriism 

200

● Decreased metabolic rate

● Weight gain

● Thinning of hair

● Decreased libido

Hypoputirims TSH Decrease levels of t3 t4 

300

● Decreased bone density

● Decreased muscle strength

● Increased risk of bone fractures

Hypoputirism decreased levels of GH

400

The exocrine function of the pancreas involves the secretion of __________, __________, and __________ to aid digestion.

Correct Answers: Amylase, lipase, proteases

500

Which statements are true about glucagon?

A. It is secreted by the alpha cells of the pancreas.
B. It helps raise blood glucose levels.
C. It is secreted when blood glucose is high.
D. It is part of the pancreas’ exocrine function.
E. It stimulates glycogen breakdown in the liver.

Correct Answers: A, B, E