General
What are the general functions of the endocrine system?
Regulating development, growth, and metabolism, maintaining homeostasis of blood composition and volume, controlling digestive processes, and controlling reproductive activities
Steroids include both the hormones produced within the ____
Gonads
Lipid-soluble hormones do not dissolve within the aqueous environment of the blood and they require a ___ ____
Carrier protein
What is the length of a water-soluble hormone's half-life?
Short
What are the three ways hormones interact?
Synergistic, permissive, and antagonistic
The secretory cells are organized in two ways: a single ____ wit only an endocrine function and cells housed in small clusters within ____ or ____ that have other primary function.
Organ; organs or tissues
Which category of hormones are modified amino acids?
The binding of lipid-soluble hormone and a carrier protein is ____
Temporary
What type of molecules are lipid-soluble hormones?
Small, nonpolar, lipophilic molecules
Pituitary lies _____ to the hypothalamus and is connected to the hypothalamus by a thin stalk "_______"
Inferior, infundibulum
What are the endocrine organs?
Pituitary, pineal, thyroid, parathyroid, and adrenal gland
What does the pineal gland release?
Melatonin
What is a hormone that is attached to a carrier protein called?
Bound hormone
True or false, polar molecules are unable to cross the plasma membrane of the water-soluble hormones?
True
The posterior pituitary stores two hormones:
Antidiruretic hormone and oxytocin
What are the three types of hormone stimulation?
Hormonal stimulation, humoral stimulation, or nervous system stimulation
Most hormones are ____
Proteins
Do water-soluble hormones require carrier proteins?
No
Do hormones have to bind to receptors to send signals?
Yes
What are the target cells for ADH?
Kidney and thirst center
What are the three groups of circulating hormones?
Steroids, biogenic amines, and proteins
A large group of short lived signaling molecules that do not circulate within the blood.
Local hormones
What is hormone concentration influenced by?
Hormone release and elimination
Low concentration = ____ number of receptors
High concentration = ____ number of receptors
Higher, lower
What is released during labor, facilitates movement of sperm, and improves our mood?
Oxytocin