System Function
What is the main role of the endocrine system?
Regulate body functions through hormones
Which gland is known as the "master gland"?
Pituitary gland
Which body system does the endocrine system closely work with to control body functions?
Nervous system
What condition results from too little insulin production?
Type 1 Diabetes
True or False: Hormones only affect the organ near where they are released
False
What hormone is released by the pancreas to lower blood sugar?
Insulin
How does the endocrine system affect the reproductive system?
Regulates puberty, menstruation, and fertility via hormones like estrogen and testosterone
What disorder is caused by an overactive thyroid?
Hyperthyroidism
What’s the difference between endocrine and exocrine glands?
Endocrine glands release hormones into the bloodstream; exocrine glands release substances through ducts
Which two hormones are secreted by the adrenal medulla during stress?
Epinephrine and norepinephrine
How does the hypothalamus link the endocrine and nervous systems?
It sends signals to the pituitary gland based on nervous system input
Name one symptom of Cushing’s Syndrome.
Weight gain
Name 3 processes regulated by the endocrine system
Growth, metabolism, reproduction
What gland controls circadian rhythm and what hormone does it produce?
Pineal gland, melatonin
Give one example of how the endocrine system interacts with the digestive system.
Hormones like gastrin and insulin help regulate digestion and metabolism
What happens in Addison’s Disease?
Underproduction of adrenal hormones, causing fatigue, low blood pressure
Explain how a negative feedback loop works using blood sugar as an example.
When blood sugar rises, insulin is released to lower it. When it falls, insulin decreases.
Match the gland to its hormone: Thyroid - ? / Adrenal Cortex - ?
Thyroxine / Cortisol
Why is homeostasis dependent on the endocrine system?
Hormones regulate internal conditions like temperature, glucose
What disorder results from low production of growth hormone during childhood?
Dwarfism or growth hormone deficiency