Terms
An enhanced urinary excretion of ketone bodies
Ketonuria
Caused by decreased insulin production and the inability of the body cells to use insulin properly
Diabetes Mellitus (DM)
Blood glucose < 70 mg/dL is a symptom of what condition
Hypoglycemia
Term for high blood sugar
Hyperglycemia
Located superior to the kidneys; they secrete epinephrine and norepinephrine.
Adrenal glands
Diabetes that occurs for the first time when a woman is pregnant
Gestational Diabetes
Characterized by the enhanced production of ketone bodies
Ketosis
Known as insulin-dependent diabetes
Type 1
Normal blood glucose levels ranges between __ and ___ mh/Dl
70-140
Butterfly shaped gland that is located inferior to the larynx
Thyroid
Excessive eating
Polyphagia
Production of the hormone insulin, secreted by the Islets of Langerhans
Pancreas
When sugar intake and insulin production are balanced, the body can effectively use ______ as an energy source
sugar
If a diabetic patient takes too much insulin, reduces sugar intake, or over exercises/overexerts themselves it can lead to ________
Hypoglycemia
Patients can often control this type of diabetes with diet and/or antidiabetic medications
Type 2
Chemical substance found in one organ or part of the body and carried in the blood to another organ or part where they exert functional effects
Hormone
Secrete hormones into the interstitial fluid surrounding the secretory cells from which they diffuse into capillaries to be carried away by blood.
Endocrine glands
Most common endocrine system emergency
Diabetic patient
If the glucose meter says LOW, this usually indicates a blood glucose level less than __ mg/dL
15
If the glucose meter says HIGH this usually indicates a glucose level in excess of ___ mg/dL.
500
Occurs when pancreatic cells fail to function properly and insulin is not secreted normally (be specific)
Type 1 Diabetes
Cells that secrete the hormone GLUCAGON which INCREASES blood glucose levels
Alpha cells
Patient presents to clinic with dehydration, acetone odor to breath, and abdominal tenderness. What is this patient's diagnosis?
DKA (Diabetic ketoacidosis)
A gland located behind the stomach that produces insulin and juices that assist in the digestion of food in the duodenum of the small intestine
Pancreas
Hormone that causes a temporary rise in blood sugar levels
Glucagon