DKA
Insulin type given IV route
What is Regular Insulin ?
Hypotension, dialysis disequilibrium syndrome, and cardiac events
What is Complications of Dialysis?
Urine output less than 400mL/ day
What is Oliguria ?
Lung crackles, edema, distended neck veins
What is Signs and Symptoms of Fluid Overload?
Oral glycemic management drug given to DM2 patients with a side effect of diarrhea.
Metformin
Hyperglycemia
Fatty Acids Metabolized
Ketone Formation
Decreased serum pH and bicarbonate
What is DKA pathophysiology ?
Do not take blood pressures using the extremity where vascular access is placed. Palpate thrills and auscultate buits. Do not perform venipunctures on affected site. Check for bleeding.
What is Nursing Care for patient with AV graft or AV Fistulas ?
Examples include NSAIDS, Chemotherapy agents, Radiographic contrast dye, Metformin, Vancomycin, and some antibiotics.
What are nephrotoxins ?
Most effective drug class to treat hypertension in CKD.
What is Ace Inhibitors ?
Polyuria,, Polydipsia, and Polyphagia
What is Classic Symptoms of Diabetes ?
Normal serum lab value is 8-16 meq/L. An elevated value that indicates the accumulation of acids
Anion Gap ?
Surgically connecting an artery to a vein (radial or brachial) to allow increased venous blood flow during dialysis
What is AV fistula ?
Shock, cardiac surgery, hypotension, prolonged mechanical ventilations, hypovolemia, nephrotoxic agents, and sepsis
What are risk factors for AKI ?
Drug class given to manage volume overload in patients with CKD.
What is Loop Diuretics ?
Progressive deterioration of nerve function resulting in a loss of sensory perception.
What is Diabetic Peripheral Neuropathy ?
Goal treatment with insulin gtt to lower no more than 30-90 mg/dL each hour to prevent this.
What is cerebral edema, seizures, and coma ?
Fluid that helps remove unwanted particles and waste from the blood and contains electrolytes and minerals that is prescribed by the nephrologist
Normal levels are 0.5-1.2 mg/dL and are 3x elevated in AKI.
What is Serum Creatinine ?
Limiting excess sodium, potassium, and phosphorus
What is Dietary Considerations for CKD patients ?
A presence of all of these: Abdominal obesity, Hyperglycemia, Hypertension, Hyperlipidemia
What is Metabolic Syndrome ?
New-onset DM, acute illnesses, stress, and pregnancy
What is DKA risk factors ?
Looped plastic tubing tunneled beneath the skin that connects an artery and vein.
What is AV graft ?
Goal is to keep 65-70 mm Hg to perfuse the kidneys.
What is the MAP (mean arterial pressure) ?
Symptom of CKD caused by vitamin deficiency, anemia, and build up or urea.
What is Fatigue ?
Weakness, confusion, diaphoresis, tachycardia, seizures,
What is Symptoms of Hypoglycemia?