(Blank)
Excessive skeletal growth, very tall & heavy, headache, fatigue, muscle &joint pain and occurs BEFORE closure of long bones
Gigantism
A decreased output of thyroid hormone and affects infancy and childhood (lack of iodine)
Cretinism
Gland problem, hyperplasia, or tumors of the parathyroid
Primary hyperparathyroidism
Excessive urination
Polyuria
High blood glucose levels
Hyperglycemia
Adults, slow onset, poor vision, light sensitivity, enlarged hands, feet & ribs, and occurs after the closure of long bones
Acromegaly
A decreased output of thyroid hormone that affects older children and adults
Myxedema
Uncontrolled blood glucose levels
Brittle diabetes
Insulin resistance
Type 2: Non–Insulin-Dependent
Diabetes Mellitus (NIDDM)
Insufficient production of adrenal steroids. To compensate, the pituitary gland increases production of adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH).
Addison Disease
Most common cause of Hyperthyroidism
Graves disease
Most common clinical manifestation of hypothyroidism
Macroglossia
Round “moon” face. Fat accumulation in the upper back/neck (“buffalo hump”)
Cushing Syndrome
An A1C borderline controlled
7-8%
Calcium loss, is usually caused by chronic renal disease
Secondary hyperparathyroidism
An autoimmune disorder in which antibodies, thyroid-stimulating immunoglobulins (THIs), stimulate thyroid cells
Hyperthyroidism
Elevated blood levels of calcium
Hypercalcemia
May result from long-standing iron deficiency anemia
Plummer-Vinson syndrome
Treatment of this condition requires injections of vitamin B12
Pernicious Anemia
This test detects an inability to absorb oral vitamin B12
The schilling test
A rare, life-threatening complication of uncontrolled hyperthyroidism characterized by a sudden and severe surge of thyroid hormones, causing high fever, extreme tachycardia, altered mental status, and potential organ failure
Thyroid storm
Low levels of blood phosphorus
Hypophosphatemia
Immature, abnormally large RBCs with megaloblasts (nuclei); immature neutrophils and platelets
Megaloblastic anemia
A chronic disorder of carbohydrate metabolism characterized by abnormally high blood glucose levels
Diabetes Mellitus
Happens when the body does not have enough insulin and begins to break down fat for energy. This produces ketones, which are acids that build up in the blood and make it too acidic (fruity or acetone breath)
Ketoacidosis