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Pituitary
Thyroid
Parathyroids
Adrenals
Anatomy & Misc
100
Affects infants and children, causing proportional overgrowth of all body tissues.
What is gigantism.
100
Most common cause of hyperthyroidism and occurs more frequently in women over age 20. Exophthalmos may be a feature.
What is Graves' disease.
100
Overaction of one or more of the parathyroid glands can lead to an increased secretion of this hormone. This can lead to skeletal decalcification and increased serum calcium level.
What is PTH (parathyroid hormone).
100
Primary adrenal hyperfunction.
What is cushings disease.
100
I release the hormone ADH which stimulates water retention by kidneys to decrease urine secretion.
What is the posterior pituitary.
200
Panhypopituitarism. Requires hormone replacement therapy for life.
What is Simmond's Disease.
200
Major complication of hyperthyroidism. Medical emergency. Can lead to cardiac, hepatic or renal failure. Underdiagnosed, inadquately treated hyperthyroidism or stress may precipitate. High fever, restlessness, agitation, coma, CHF and angina can be exhibited.
What is thyroid storm or thyrotoxicosis (thyrotoxic crisis).
200
Without treatment of this condition, there can be permanent damage of the skeleton or kidneys.
What is hyperparathyroidism.
200
Symptoms of coritsol excess caused by factors OTHER than primary adrenal hyperfunction.
What is Cushing's syndrome.
200
When I am stimuated, blood calcium concentration increases , Calcium and phosporous is resorbed from bones and bone formation is decreased
What is a parathyroid glands (there are 4).
300
Most common surgical procedure to remove te pituitary. Post operative care includes checking packing for clear, colorless drainage, observation for s/sx of meningitis, discourage coughing, mouthwash instead of toothbrush and avoidance of lifting and bending at waist for 2-3 months.
What is transphenoid hypophysectomy.
300
The most common complication of I 131 therapy in the treatment of hyperthyroidism. Can occur 2 to 4 months after treatment.
What is hypothyroidism.
300
Long standing hypocalcemia related to this endocrine dysfunction can lead to decreased heart contractility related to heart failure, bone deformity and laryngospasm/respiratory stridor/anoxia/paralysis of vocal cords and death because of severe tetany.
What is hypoparathyroidism.
300
Complications of this disorder are produced by the stimulating and catabolic effects of cortisol, including osetoporosis and pathologic fracture, insulin resistance, glucose intolerance, diabetes, slowed wound healing, frequent infections, decreased ability to handle stress, CHF, sexual dysfunction.
What is cushing's syndrome.
300
We are hormones released from the adrenal cortex which stimulate gluconeogenesis and increase blood glucose; we are antiimmunity, antiallergy and antiinflammatory; we aid in the metabolism of carbs, fats and proteins
What are hydrocortisone and cortisol, released from the middle layer of the adrenal cortex.
400
Excess fluid volume: nursing diagnosis appropriate for patient with this disorder of pituitary secretions. Fluid restriction indicated. Serious hyponatremia (<120 mEq/L) can be treated with NaCl IV administration. Sodium level should be increased slowly to prevent volume overload and CHF.
What is Syndrome of Inappropriate Antidiuretic Hormone (SIADH).
400
The most common cause of hypothyroidism. Autoimmune. Antiperoxidase antibodies destroy an enzyme for production of T3 and T4. Goiter is possible.
What is Hashimoto's thyroiditis.
400
Two signs which are positive in hypocalcemia.
What is Chvostek's and Trousseau's signs.
400
Primary hypofunctioning of the adrenals involving decreased functioning of the adrenal cortex and its secretions. Manifestations include bronze discoloration of the skin, fatigue, muscle weakness, craving for salty foods, decreased stress tolerance, hypotension and GI complaints.
What is Addison's disease.
400
I am released by the alpha cells of the pancreas to increase the blood glucose level. My target organ is the liver.
What is glucagon.
500
Deficiency of ADH.
What is Diabetes Insipidus.
500
Rare but serious complication of extreme hypothyroidism. Symptoms include unresponsiveness, hypothermia, decreased respirations, low blood sugar. Client will be moved to the ICU and thyroid medications will be given.
What is myxedema coma or hypothyroid crisis.
500
The diet of someone with this endocrine condition should be high in calcium and low in phosporus.
What is hypoparathyroidism.
500
Treatment of this condition includes restoration of fluid and electrolyte balance, replacement of deficient adrenal hormones, diet high in sodium and low in potassium and adequate calories and protein. If client is anorexic, six small meals a day may increased caloric intake. Lifetime steroid maintenance therapy will be required.
What is adrenal hypofunction or Addison's disease.
500
I am an important gland located in the sella turcica. I am about the size of a pea.
What is the pituitary gland.